Tumor ya kati isiyo ya kawaida ya cartilaginous

na Jason Wasserman MD PhD FRCPC na Bibianna Purgina MD FRCPC
Februari 29, 2024


Uvimbe wa kati usio wa kawaida wa cartilaginous (ACT) ni aina ya saratani ya mfupa. Uvimbe huo unaitwa "cartilaginous" kwa sababu unajumuisha seli zinazozalisha cartilage. Cartilage ni aina ya tishu unganishi kawaida hupatikana katika mwili wote. Vivimbe hivi huanzia ndani ya mfupa katika nafasi inayoitwa "medulla". Jina lingine la tumor hii ni chondrosarcoma ya kiwango cha chini.

Je! ni dalili za tumor ya kati isiyo ya kawaida ya cartilaginous?

Symptoms of a central atypical cartilaginous tumour include pain and swelling over the involved bone. However, many patients with this tumour will experience no symptoms and the tumour will be found incidentally when imaging is performed for another reason.

Ni nini husababisha tumor ya kati isiyo ya kawaida ya cartilaginous?

People with the genetic syndrome enchondromatosis who have a mutation in the gene IDH1 or IDH2 are at increased risk for developing central atypical cartilaginous tumours. For people, without enchondromatosis who develop this type of tumour, the cause remains unknown.

What is the difference between a central atypical cartilaginous tumour and a grade 1 chondrosarcoma?

Central atypical cartilaginous tumour and chondrosarcoma ya daraja la 1 are very similar tumours. The main difference between these tumours is that central atypical cartilaginous tumours are found in the appendicular skeleton which includes the bones of the arms, legs, hands, and feet. In contrast, grade 1 central chondrosarcomas are found in the axial skeleton which includes the bones of the pelvis, scapula, and skull.

Vipengele vya microscopic vya tumor hii

When examined under the microscope, a central atypical cartilaginous tumour is made up of cells producing a type of connective tissue called cartilage. The tumour cells often grow in round groups called lobules. Central atypical cartilaginous tumours can look very similar to a type of non-cancerous tumour called an enchondroma (uvimbe mwingine unaoundwa na seli zinazozalisha cartilage), hata hivyo, tofauti na enchondroma, seli za uvimbe katika ACT ya kati zinaweza kuonekana zikikua na kuwa mfupa unaozunguka.

Tumor ya kati isiyo ya kawaida ya cartilaginous
Tumor ya kati isiyo ya kawaida ya cartilaginous. Uvimbe huu unaundwa na seli zinazozalisha cartilage.

Upanuzi wa tumor

Larger central atypical cartilaginous tumours can break through the bone and grow into surrounding organs or tissue such as muscle, tendons, or joint space. If this has occurred, it may be included in your report and is usually described as extraosseous extension. If the tumour has grown into another part of the bone, that will also be described in your report. Tumour extension is important because it is used to determine the pathologic tumour stage (pT).

Pembezoni

A margin ni tishu yoyote ambayo ilikatwa na daktari wa upasuaji ili kuondoa mfupa (au sehemu ya mfupa) na uvimbe kutoka kwa mwili wako. Kulingana na aina ya upasuaji uliofanyiwa, aina za kando, ambazo zinaweza kujumuisha proximal (sehemu ya mfupa iliyo karibu na katikati ya mwili wako) na distali (sehemu ya mfupa iliyo mbali zaidi na katikati ya mwili wako) kando, kando ya tishu laini, kando ya mishipa ya damu, na kando ya neva.

Pambizo zote zitachunguzwa kwa karibu sana chini ya darubini na mtaalamu wako wa magonjwa ili kubaini hali ya ukingo. Upeo unachukuliwa kuwa mbaya wakati hakuna seli za saratani kwenye ukingo wa tishu zilizokatwa. Upeo huchukuliwa kuwa chanya wakati kuna seli za saratani kwenye ukingo wa tishu zilizokatwa. Upeo mzuri unahusishwa na hatari kubwa kwamba uvimbe utakua tena katika tovuti hiyo hiyo baada ya matibabu (kujirudia kwa ndani).

Ukingo wa tumor

Hatua ya Patholojia (pTNM)

​The pathologic stage for central ACT is based on the TNM staging system, an internationally recognized system created by the Kamati ya Pamoja ya Marekani juu ya Saratani. Mfumo huu hutumia habari kuhusu tumor ya msingi (T), tezi (N), na mbali Metastatic ugonjwa (M) kuamua hatua kamili ya patholojia (pTNM). Mwanapatholojia wako atachunguza tishu zilizowasilishwa na kutoa kila sehemu nambari. Kwa ujumla, idadi kubwa ina maana ugonjwa wa juu zaidi na mbaya zaidi udhihirisho. Hatua ya patholojia itajumuishwa tu katika ripoti yako baada ya uvimbe wote kuondolewa. Haitajumuishwa baada ya biopsy.

Hatua ya tumor (pT)

ACT ya kati hupewa hatua ya uvimbe wa patholojia (pT) kutoka T1 hadi T3 kulingana na ukubwa wa uvimbe na idadi ya uvimbe unaopatikana kwenye mfupa.

  • pT1: Uvimbe ≤ sentimita 8 kwa ukubwa zaidi.
  • pT2: Tumor > 8 cm kwa ukubwa zaidi.
  • pT3: Uvimbe usioendelea katika tovuti ya msingi ya mfupa.
Hatua ya nodi (pN)

ACT ya kati inapewa hatua ya nodi ya patholojia (pN) ya N0 au N1 kulingana na uchunguzi wa tezi.

  • Nx - Hakuna nodi za lymph zilizotumwa kwa ugonjwa kwa uchunguzi.
  • N0 - Hakuna seli za saratani zinazopatikana katika nodi zozote za limfu zilizochunguzwa.
  • N1 - Seli za saratani zilipatikana katika angalau nodi moja ya limfu.

Kuhusu makala hii

Makala hii iliandikwa na madaktari ili kukusaidia kusoma na kuelewa ripoti yako ya ugonjwa wa ACT. Sehemu zilizo hapo juu zinaelezea matokeo yanayopatikana katika ripoti nyingi za ugonjwa, hata hivyo, ripoti zote ni tofauti na matokeo yanaweza kutofautiana. Muhimu zaidi, baadhi ya taarifa hizi zitaelezewa tu katika ripoti yako baada ya uvimbe wote kuondolewa kwa upasuaji na kuchunguzwa na mtaalamu wa magonjwa. Wasiliana nasi ikiwa una maswali yoyote kuhusu makala hii au ripoti yako ya ugonjwa. Soma makala hii kwa utangulizi wa jumla zaidi wa sehemu za ripoti ya kawaida ya ugonjwa.

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