Thymic carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest that produces T cells and plays a role in the immune system. Unlike thymomas, thymic carcinomas are more aggressive and have a higher tendency to spread to other parts of the body. What is the …
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Type B3 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus is part of the immune system and helps produce T cells. This type of thymoma predominantly comprises epithelial cells, which look more abnormal than those in type B1 and B2 thymomas. It has fewer …
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Type B2 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus plays an important role in the immune system by producing T cells. In this type of tumour, there is a mix of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and epithelial cells, with more …
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The FNCLCC (Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer) is the most common grading system doctors use to evaluate soft tissue sarcomas, which are cancers that start in tissues like muscles, fat, or blood vessels. This grading system helps doctors assess how aggressive (fast-growing) the tumour is, guiding treatment decisions and helping predict …
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A smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare type of tumour that arises in the smooth muscle of the uterus. These tumours are considered “uncertain” because it is difficult to determine whether they are benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) based on their appearance under the microscope. STUMP falls somewhere between a …
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B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LBL) is a rare and aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It originates from immature B cells, a type of lymphocyte (a white blood cell) that normally helps the body fight infections. B-LBL is closely related to B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), with the main difference being where the disease primarily manifests. In B-LBL, …
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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. In this disease, the bone marrow, the soft tissue inside your bones where blood cells are made, produces too many white blood cells called myeloid cells. These cells normally help fight infections, but in chronic myeloid leukemia, they grow …
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A cancer biomarker is a substance in a person’s body that provides information about cancer. It can be a gene, protein, or another type of molecule, and it can be produced by either cancer cells or normal cells in response to cancer. These biomarkers can be found in various body parts, including the blood, normal …
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Background: Ampullary adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that forms in the ampulla of Vater. The ampulla of Vater is a small area where the bile duct and pancreatic duct join and empty into the small intestine. This type of cancer is rare but can be aggressive. What are the symptoms of ampullary adenocarcinoma? Symptoms …
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Background: Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate gland is a noninvasive tumour characterized by the proliferation of malignant cells within the ducts and acini of the prostate gland. Unlike invasive prostate cancer, the tumour cells in intraductal carcinoma are found within the ductal system and do not invade the surrounding prostate tissue. However, this condition is …
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