Classic Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that starts in the lymph nodes — small bean-shaped glands distributed throughout the body that are part of the immune system. It is defined by the presence of distinctive abnormal cells called Reed-Sternberg cells, which are much larger than normal immune cells and have a characteristic appearance …
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Germinal centers are specialized structures within lymphoid tissues where B cells (a type of white blood cell) mature and differentiate. These centers play an important role in the body’s immune response by helping train B cells to produce antibodies that target specific pathogens. Where are germinal centers normally found? Germinal centers are typically found within …
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Tingible body macrophages are a type of immune cell that help maintain tissue health by removing dead or dying cells. Under a microscope, these macrophages often contain small, dark fragments. These fragments are the remains of cells that have naturally died during an immune response. The word “tingible” refers to these visible pieces of debris. …
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Extranodal extension (ENE) is a term pathologists use when cancer cells spread outside a lymph node into the surrounding tissue. Lymph nodes are small immune organs that help filter harmful substances and are often one of the first places cancer spreads. Normally, cancer cells that travel to a lymph node stay inside the lymph node’s …
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Follicular lymphoma is a group of closely related blood cancers that start in B cells — specialized white blood cells that normally help the body fight infection. These cancers are called “follicular” because the abnormal cells grow in round clusters called follicles, resembling the normal structures found inside healthy lymph nodes. Follicular lymphoma is the …
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Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that are part of the body’s lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs, including lymph nodes, that help the body fight infections and other diseases. Each lymph node acts like a filter, trapping germs, cellular debris, foreign particles, and cancer cells. What do lymph …
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