Myeloid sarcoma is a type of cancer that develops from a group of blood-forming cells called myeloid blasts. These cells normally grow and mature in the bone marrow, which is the spongy tissue inside our bones. In myeloid sarcoma, abnormal myeloid blasts form a mass or tumour outside the bone marrow. This tumour can grow …
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High grade B cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements is a type of cancer that starts in white blood cells called B cells. These cells are part of the immune system and help protect your body from infections and diseases. “High grade” means that this type of cancer is likely to grow and spread …
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Background: Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) of the breast is a benign (non-cancerous) condition characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of epithelial cells in the lobules of the breast. This condition involves cells that look different from normal cells but are not abnormal enough to be classified as cancer. Atypical lobular hyperplasia is considered …
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What is a spermatocytic tumour? Spermatocytic tumour is a rare type of testicular cancer that is typically seen in men over 50 years of age. Unlike other types of testicular cancers, spermatocytic tumour also never metastasizes (spreads) to other parts of the body and most patients are cured with surgery alone. What type of tumour …
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What is an intramuscular myxoma? An intramuscular myxoma is a non-cancerous tumour made up of spindle cells surrounded by myxoid tissue and located within a muscle. Is an intramuscular myxoma benign or malignant? An intramuscular myxoma is a benign (non-cancerous) type of tumour. Can an intramuscular myxoma turn into cancer over time? No. Intramuscular myxoma …
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What is a hibernoma? A hibernoma is a non-cancerous tumour made up of brown fat. Brown fat is a type of fat that is normally found in newborns and young children but it disappears over time and most adults have very little brown fat. Is hibernoma a type of cancer? No. A hibernoma is a …
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Lymphoepithelial carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that typically develops in the head and neck area, most often in the salivary glands. It is characterized by a mix of cancerous cells and a large number of immune cells called lymphocytes. This type of cancer is considered aggressive but can often be treated successfully if …
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What is squamous epithelium? Squamous epithelium is a thin layer of tissue made up of flat, squamous cells. The squamous epithelium forms a barrier on the surface of an organ that protects the tissue below from injury and infection. Where is squamous epithelium normally found in the body? Squamous epithelium can be found in various …
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CD45 is a protein found on the surface of most cells in the immune system, including white blood cells (also called leukocytes). CD45 helps these immune cells communicate and respond appropriately to infections and inflammation. Why do pathologists test for CD45? Pathologists test for CD45 to help determine if cells seen in a tissue sample …
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AE1/AE3 is a test pathologists use involving a combination of antibodies designed to recognize a group of proteins called cytokeratins. Cytokeratins are proteins found inside epithelial cells, which are the cells that line surfaces inside and outside your body, such as your skin and the lining of internal organs. The AE1/AE3 test helps pathologists identify …
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