Ama-Antibodies

Umbiko we-MyPathology
December 10, 2023

Ama-antibodies aziwa nangokuthi ama-immunoglobulins awuhlobo olukhethekile lwamaprotheni enziwe amaseli e-plasma. Lawa maprotheni akhethekile avikela imizimba yethu ngokunamathela kuma-bacteria nama-virus, okwenza kube lula ukuwakhipha emzimbeni. Angakwazi futhi ukunamathela kumaseli angajwayelekile noma amaseli ayeke ukusebenza ngendlela evamile. A i-plasma cell neoplasm wuhlobo lomdlavuza olwakha amanani amakhulu amasosha omzimba. Amaprotheni angatholakala egazini noma emchameni.

Izinhlobo zama-antibodies

Amasosha omzimba akhiwe izingxenye ezine futhi ingxenye ngayinye ibizwa ngokuthi iketango. I-antibody eyodwa yakhiwe ngamaketango amabili asindayo namaketango amabili alula. Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezahlukene zamaketango asindayo, abizwa ngokuthi A, G, D, E, kanye no-M, kanye nezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamaketango alula abizwa ngokuthi i-kappa ne-lambda. Noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yamaketango asindayo nalula ingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-antibody. Lezi zinketho zivumela umzimba wakho ukuthi ukhiqize izinhlobo eziningi zamasosha omzimba (isibonelo IgA kappa, IgG lambda, njll.). Nakuba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni singenza izinhlobo eziningi zamasosha omzimba, ingqamuzana ngalinye le-plasma lenza uhlobo olulodwa nje. Ngenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba enza izigidi zamangqamuzana e-plasma ahlukahlukene, kuyinto evamile ukuthola izinhlobo eziningi zamasosha omzimba noma nini.

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