Iyini i-lymph node?
Ama-lymph nodes yizitho ezincane, ezitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kuwo wonke umzimba. Axhumene nomzimba kanye nomunye ngemigudu emincane ebizwa ngokuthi i-lymphatics equkethe uketshezi. Ama-lymph nodes ayingxenye yamasosha omzimba futhi umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko 'ukwenza isampula' uketshezi olujikeleza umzimba wonke ukuze kutholakale izinguquko ezifana nokutheleleka, ukulimala, noma umdlavuza. Umuntu ovamile unamakhulu noma izinkulungwane zama-lymph node nakuba abantu abaningi bengasoze bayibona noma bayizwe enye yawo ngaphandle kokuthi ikhuliswe.
Kungani ukuhlolwa kwama-lymph nodes kubalulekile embikweni womdlavuza?
Amangqamuzana omdlavuza angasakazeka esuka esimila kuye kuma-lymph nodes ngokusebenzisa imikhumbi emincane ebizwa ngokuthi i-lymphatics. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ama-lymph nodes avame ukususwa futhi ahlolwe ngesibonakhulu ukuze kubhekwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukuhamba kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza ukusuka esimila ukuya kwenye ingxenye yomzimba njenge-lymph node kubizwa ngokuthi a i-metastasis.
Amaseli omdlavuza ngokuvamile asakazeka kuqala kuma-lymph nodes eduze kwesimila nakuba ama-lymph nodes akude nesimila nawo angabandakanyeka. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ama-lymph nodes okuqala asusiwe ngokuvamile aseduze nesimila. Ama-lymph nodes aqhelelene nesimila avame ukususwa kuphela uma ekhulisiwe futhi kukhona izinsolo eziphakeme zomtholampilo zokuthi kungase kube namaseli omdlavuza ku-lymph node.
Uma noma imaphi ama-lymph node akhishiwe emzimbeni wakho, azohlolwa ngesibonakhulu udokotela wezifo futhi imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa izochazwa embikweni wakho. Imibiko eminingi izobandakanya inani eliphelele lama-lymph nodes ahloliwe, lapho emzimbeni kutholwe khona ama-lymph nodes, kanye nenombolo (uma ikhona) equkethe amaseli omdlavuza. Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza abonwa ku-lymph node, usayizi weqembu elikhulu kunawo wonke lamaseli omdlavuza (okuvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi “ukugxila” noma “idiphozithi”) nawo uzofakwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwama-lymph nodes kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukunquma isigaba se-pathologic nodal (pN). Okwesibili, ukuthola amangqamuzana omdlavuza ku-lymph node kwandisa ingozi yokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza azotholakala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba esikhathini esizayo. Ngenxa yalokho, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lolu lwazi lapho enquma ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukwelashwa okwengeziwe okufana ne-chemotherapy, i-radiation therapy, noma i-immunotherapy.
Kusho ukuthini uma i-lymph node ichazwa njenge-positive?
Izazi zezifo zivame ukusebenzisa igama elithi “positive” ukuchaza i-lymph node equkethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Isibonelo, i-lymph node equkethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza ingase ibizwe ngokuthi “positive for malignancy” noma “positive for metastatic carcinoma”.
Kusho ukuthini uma i-lymph node ichazwa njengenegethivu?
Izazi zezifo zivame ukusebenzisa igama elithi “negative” ukuchaza i-lymph node engenawo amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Isibonelo, i-lymph node enganawo amaseli omdlavuza ingase ibizwe ngokuthi “negative for malignancy” noma “negative for metastatic carcinoma”.
