HER2

Yini i-HER2?

I-HER2 wuhlobo lwamaprotheni olubizwa ngokuthi i-receptor. Isiza ingqamuzana ukuba iphendule kumasignali ayitshela ukuthi ikhule futhi ihlukane ukuze yakhe amaseli amasha. Iphrotheni ihlezi ngaphandle kweseli futhi ingavulwa noma icishwe amaprotheni enziwe amanye amaseli aseduze. I-HER2 yenziwa amaseli ajwayelekile, anempilo kuwo wonke umzimba. Elinye igama laleli phrotheni i-Her2/neu.

Umdlavuza owenza i-HER2

Eminye imidlavuza yenza amanani engeziwe e-HER2 receptor eyivumela ukuthi ikhule ngokushesha futhi ihlukanise kaningi kunamaseli avamile. Iziguli ezinamathumba akhiqiza i-HER2 eyengeziwe cishe zizozuza emithini evimba isenzo se-HER2 njenge-trastuzumab.

Imidlavuza eyenza i-HER2 eyengeziwe ihlanganisa:

• I-invasive ductal carcinoma webele
• I-Adenocarcinoma yesimfantu
• I-Adenocarcinoma kwesisu
• I-Salivary duct carcinoma wezindlala zamathe

Izazi zezifo zihlola kanjani i-HER2?

Kunokuhlolwa okubili okuvamile ukukala inani le-HER2 kumaseli wesimila. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kubizwa i-immunohistochemistry futhi ivumela udokotela wakho wezifo ukuthi abone iphrotheni ye-HER2 ebusweni beseli. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunikezwa amaphuzu ka-0 kuya ku-3.

Isikolo se-HER2 immunohistochemistry:

• Negative (0 kanye 1) – Amaphuzu angu-0 noma 1 asho ukuthi amaseli wesimila awenzi amaprotheni e-HER2 engeziwe.
• Equivocal (2) – Amaphuzu angu-2 asho ukuthi amaseli kungenzeka enza amaprotheni e-HER2 engeziwe kanye nokunye ukuhlola okubizwa I-fluorescence in situ hybridization (bheka ngezansi) kuzodingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela.
• Okuhle (3) – Amaphuzu angu-3 asho ukuthi amaseli enza amaprotheni e-HER2 engeziwe.

Ukuhlola kwesibili okusetshenziselwa ukukala i-HER2 kubizwa I-fluorescence in situ hybridization (INHLANZI). Lokhu kuhlola kuvame ukwenziwa kuphela ngemva kwamaphuzu angu-2 ekuhlolweni kwe-immunohistochemistry. Esikhundleni sokubheka i-HER2 ngaphandle kweseli, i-FISH isebenzisa i-probe enamathela esakhini sofuzo se-HER2 ngaphakathi kwe-nucleus yeseli. Amaseli avamile anamakhophi angu-2 ofuzo lwe-HER2 ku-nucleus yeseli. Injongo yokuhlolwa kwe-HER FISH ukukhomba amaseli wesimila anamakhophi engeziwe ofuzo lwe-HER2 oluwavumela ukuthi enze amakhophi engeziwe ephrotheni ye-HER2.

Amaseli esimila enza i-HER2 eyengeziwe azoba nemiyalo eminingi ye-DNA ye-HER2. Izazi ze-pathology zibiza lolu shintsho ngokuthi i-translocation.

Isikolo se-HER2 FISH:

• Okuhle (okukhulisiwe) – Amaseli wesimila anamakhophi engeziwe ofuzo lwe-HER2. Lawa maseli cishe enza amaprotheni e-HER2 engeziwe.
• Inegethivu (ayikhulisiwe) – Amaseli wesimila awanawo amakhophi engeziwe ofuzo lwe-HER2. Lawa maseli cishe awenzi amaprotheni e-HER2 engeziwe.