Ayihlaseli

Ithimba lesichazamazwi sePathology
Kwangathi 29, 2023

Kusho ukuthini ukungahlaseli embikweni we-pathology?

Ku-pathology, okungahlaseli kusetshenziselwa ukuchaza isifo (imvamisa a isisu) ehlala isendaweni futhi engasakazeki ezicutshini ezizungezile noma ezithweni. Zonke izinhlobo ze benign (angenawo umdlavuza) ngokwencazelo awahlaseleki. Nokho, ezinye izinhlobo zesigaba sokuqala okubi (ezinomdlavuza) nazo zibhekwa njengezingahlaseleki uma amaseli wesimila engakasabalala ezicutshini ezizungezile. Ngokwesibonelo, non-invasive i-carcinoma endaweni ibhekisela ekukhuleni komdlavuza okuvalekile kuphela i-epithelium, ungqimba oluncane lwezicubu ebusweni bezitho eziningi.

Ingabe izimila ezingahlaseli zingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?

Cha. Ngokwencazelo, wonke amathumba angahlaseli atholakala endaweni futhi awakwazi ukusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ingabe isimila esiyingozi singaba singahlaseli?

Yebo. Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila zakhiwe okubi amaseli (anomdlavuza) kodwa amaseli awakasabalali ezicutshini ezizungezile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uhlobo lomdlavuza olungahlaseli lungaphenduka uhlobo lomdlavuza oluhlaselayo.

Yiziphi ezinye zezibonelo zomdlavuza ongahlaseli?

Izibonelo zomdlavuza ongahlaseli zihlanganisa:

• I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): I-DCIS wuhlobo olungavamisile lomdlavuza webele lapho amaseli wesimila atholakala ngaphakathi kuphela imigqa ebeleni. Ngokwencazelo, ayizange isabalale ngale kwemigudu eya esiculweni sesifuba esizungezile.
• I-Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): I-LCIS yisimo esingahlaseli esiqala ezindlaleni ezikhiqiza ubisi (ama-lobules) ebeleni. Amaseli wesimila awangeni ezicutshini ezizungezile noma asabalale kwezinye izindawo zomzimba njengomdlavuza webele ohlaselayo.
• I-Adenocarcinoma in situ yomlomo wesibeletho: I-Adenocarcinoma endaweni iwuhlobo olungahlanyisi lomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho lapho amaseli wesimila ekhona kuphela phezu komlomo wesibeletho futhi angasakazeki kwezinye izicubu.
• Urothelial carcinoma in situ yesinye: Urothelial carcinoma in situ kuyisigaba sokuqala esingahlaseli somdlavuza wesinye lapho amaseli wesimila atholakala kuphela olwelweni lwangaphakathi lwesinye ngaphandle kokuhlasela ungqimba lwemisipha noma ukusabalala.
• I-Adenocarcinoma in situ of the lung: I-Adenocarcinoma endaweni wuhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu olwenze lwangaphambi kwesikhathi olungahlasele lapho amaseli wesimila esaqinisekiswa khona ngaphakathi kwezikhala zomoya ezincane emaphashini ezibizwa ngokuthi i-alveoli.
• I-Melanoma endaweni: I-Melanoma endaweni kuyisigaba sokuqala somdlavuza wesikhumba lapho ama-melanocyte angajwayelekile ekhona ongqimbeni olungaphandle kakhulu lwesikhumba (epidermis) kodwa angasakazeki ezingqimbeni ezijulile zesikhumba (i-dermis nezicubu ze-adipose ezingaphansi kwesikhumba).
• I-papillary urothelial carcinoma engahlaseleki: Lolu uhlobo olungahlaseleki lomdlavuza wesinye lapho amangqamuzana ethumba ehlangana khona enze izakhiwo ezinde ezifana nomunwe ezibizwa ngokuthi i-papillae ezivaleleke olwelweni lwangaphakathi lwesinye futhi ezingasakazeki ezicutshini ezizungezile. I-non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma iphinde ihlukaniswe ngamabanga amabili - I-papillary urothelial carcinoma esezingeni eliphansi futhi izinga eliphezulu le-papillary urothelial carcinoma ngohlobo lwebanga eliphezulu okungenzeka ukuthi luhlasele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• I-squamous cell carcinoma endaweni yesikhumba: I-squamous cell carcinoma in situ (eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo se-Bowen) uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba ongahlaseli lapho amangqamuzana e-tumor atholakala kuphela ungqimba olungaphandle lwesikhumba (epidermis) futhi angasakazeki ezingqimbeni ezijulile zesikhumba (i-dermis ne-subcutaneous adipose tissue). ).