염증성 자궁근종: 병리 보고서 이해하기

섹션 편집자: 데이비드 드리먼
2026 년 11 월 11 일

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An inflammatory fibroid polyp is a rare, noncancerous growth that most often develops in the stomach. Despite its name, it is not caused by 염증. 그것은이다 양성의 종양 그것은 ~에서 시작됩니다 점막하층, the tissue layer just below the inner lining of the stomach or bowel. Doctors sometimes call it a Vanek tumor, after the doctor who first described it in 1949.

An inflammatory fibroid polyp does not spread to other parts of the body, and it has never been reported to turn into cancer. Removing the polyp completely is usually the only treatment needed. This article explains what an inflammatory fibroid polyp is, how pathologists recognize it, and what the findings in your pathology report mean.

Who gets an inflammatory fibroid polyp?

Inflammatory fibroid polyps are uncommon and make up only 0.1% to 3% of all polyps found in the stomach. They are most often found in adults in their 60s and 70s. Both men and women can develop them, and they are very rare in children.

Where in the body do inflammatory fibroid polyps develop?

About 70% of inflammatory fibroid polyps develop in the stomach, usually in the lower part called the antrum, near the opening to the small intestine. About 20% develop in the small intestine. A small number are found in the colon or the esophagus.

What causes an inflammatory fibroid polyp?

For many years, doctors believed an inflammatory fibroid polyp was a reaction to injury or inflammation. Research has since shown that most of these polyps are true tumors driven by a change in a single 유전자 라는 PDGFRA. Between 55% and 74% of inflammatory fibroid polyps carry a 변화 in this gene. The mutation switches on a growth signal inside the polyp cells, which causes them to multiply and form a mass.

In almost all people, the PDGFRA mutation is found only in the polyp cells and is not inherited. Very rarely, the mutation is present in every cell of the body and can be passed down in families. People with this inherited condition can develop several inflammatory fibroid polyps, sometimes along with other growths in the digestive tract. Your doctor may suggest genetic counseling if you have several polyps or a family history of similar growths.

An inflammatory fibroid polyp is different from a 과형성 폴립, which is sometimes called an inflammatory polyp. A hyperplastic polyp forms in the inner lining of the stomach as a response to long-lasting inflammation. An inflammatory fibroid polyp starts in the deeper submucosa and is caused by a genetic change in the polyp cells.

What are the symptoms of an inflammatory fibroid polyp?

Many inflammatory fibroid polyps cause no symptoms and are found incidentally during an upper endoscopy for another reason. When symptoms do occur, they depend on the polyp’s size and location.

  • 출혈 및 빈혈. The surface of a larger polyp can break down and bleed slowly, leading to 빈혈증 그리고 피로감.
  • 복부 통증 또는 불편함. Some people feel pain, fullness, or nausea in the upper abdomen.
  • Blockage of the stomach. A polyp near the stomach outlet can block the passage of food into the small intestine, causing vomiting and early fullness after eating.
  • Blockage of the small intestine. In the small intestine, the polyp can pull one part of the bowel into the next part, a problem called intussusception. This can cause sudden cramping pain and vomiting and may require emergency surgery.

진단은 어떻게 이루어 집니까?

The diagnosis of an inflammatory fibroid polyp is made after a 병리학 자 examines tissue from the polyp under a microscope. The tissue may come from a 생검,에서 용종 절제술 performed during endoscopy, or from a surgical procedure to remove part of the stomach or bowel.

Under the microscope, an inflammatory fibroid polyp is made up of long, thin 방추세포 that look bland and regular. These cells sit in a loose, pale background tissue that contains many small blood vessels. The spindle cells often wrap around the blood vessels in rings, a pattern pathologists describe as onion-skinning.

Mixed in with the spindle cells are many immune cells, especially 호산구. These immune cells explain the word “inflammatory” in the name, even though inflammation does not cause the polyp. The polyp surface may show an 부식 or 궤양, where the lining has broken down.

면역 조직 화학

면역 조직 화학 is a test that uses antibodies to show which proteins are present in cells. Pathologists use this test to confirm the diagnosis of an inflammatory fibroid polyp and to rule out other spindle cell tumors that can look similar. The most important of these is a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), which can spread to other parts of the body and needs different treatment. Your report may describe the following results.

  • CD34. The spindle cells in most inflammatory fibroid polyps of the stomach are positive for CD34. This marker is less consistently positive in small intestinal polyps.
  • PDGFRA. The spindle cells are often positive for PDGFRA, which reflects the genetic change that drives the polyp.
  • CD117과 DOG1. The spindle cells are negative for CD117 DOG1. These markers are usually positive in GIST, so negative results help separate an inflammatory fibroid polyp from a GIST.
  • S100. The spindle cells are negative for S100, which helps rule out a nerve sheath tumor called a schwannoma.
  • 기타 표시. The spindle cells are also negative for 사이토케라틴, Desmin, and ALK. These results help rule out a carcinoma, a muscle tumor, and a tumor called an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.

여백

A 한계 is the edge of the tissue that was cut to remove the inflammatory fibroid polyp. Pathologists examine the margins to see whether the polyp was removed completely. Because this polyp starts in the submucosa, it may reach the deep margin, which is the cut edge at the bottom of the tissue.

A negative margin means no polyp cells are seen at the cut edge, and the polyp was likely removed completely. A positive margin means polyp cells are seen at the cut edge, and some of the polyp may have been left behind. A positive margin does not mean the polyp is cancer, but it slightly increases the chance that the polyp will grow back.

What is the outlook for a person with an inflammatory fibroid polyp?

The outlook for a person with an inflammatory fibroid polyp is excellent. The polyp does not spread to other parts of the body, and no cases of inflammatory fibroid polyps turning into cancer have been reported. Most people are cured once the polyp is removed completely. The polyp rarely grows back, and most of those cases occurred because the polyp was not completely removed during endoscopy.

진단 후에는 무슨 일이 일어나나요?

After an inflammatory fibroid polyp is diagnosed, the main goal is to ensure the entire polyp has been removed. If the polyp was removed completely, most people need no further treatment. Your doctor may suggest a follow-up endoscopy to check the area if the margin was positive or the polyp was removed in pieces.

If the diagnosis was made on a small biopsy, your doctor will usually recommend removing the rest of the polyp. Smaller polyps can often be removed during endoscopy. Larger polyps, or polyps that block the stomach or bowel, may need surgery. Because these polyps are benign, chemotherapy and radiation are not used.

의사에게 물어볼 질문

  • Where in my digestive tract was the polyp found, and how large was it?
  • 폴립이 완전히 제거되었나요?
  • 여백은 음수였나요, 양수였나요?
  • Was a GIST ruled out?
  • Do I need another endoscopy to check the area?
  • Could the polyp be causing my anemia or other symptoms?
  • Do I have more than one polyp, and should I consider genetic counseling?

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