PIK3CA is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called p110α. This protein is part of the PI3K family, which plays a central role in controlling how cells grow, divide, and survive. When PIK3CA is working normally, it helps maintain balance in these processes. When it is mutated, the pathway can become overactive …
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A cancer biomarker is a substance in a person’s body that provides information about the presence of cancer. It can be a gene, protein, or another type of molecule, and it can be produced by either cancer cells or normal cells in response to the presence of cancer. These biomarkers can be found in various …
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Metastatic adenocarcinoma refers to cancer that has spread from its original (primary) site to other parts of the body. The term adenocarcinoma specifically refers to a type of cancer made up of glandular cells, which are the cells found inside most internal organs. For example, if someone has metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast, it means …
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