The pathology dictionary is a collection of patient-friendly definitions for the most common terms and phrases used by pathologists in pathology reports. These definitions describe general concepts. Visit our Diagnosis Library to learn more about your diagnosis or read this article for an introduction to your pathology report. Need help? Contact us.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
A
Abscess
Acanthosis
Acute inflammation
Addendum
Adenoma
Adenocarcinoma
Adenomyosis
Adenosquamous carcinoma
Adipose tissue
AE1/AE3
ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase)
Amendment
Amorphous
Amyloid
Anaplasia
Anaplastic
Androgen receptor (AR)
Anemia
Angioinvasion
Antral type mucosa
Antibody
Apocrine
Apocrine metaplasia
Apoptosis
Arias-Stella reaction
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
Atrophic
Atrophy
Atypia
Atypical
Atypical mitotic figure
Atypical mitosis
B
B cells
Ballooning hepatocyte
Basal cells
Basal lymphoplasmacytosis
Basaloid neoplasm
Basophils
Benign
Benign neoplasm
Biopsy
Blasts
Blastoid
Body type mucosa
BRAF
Breslow thickness
C
Calcification
Calcitonin
Carcinoma
Carcinoma in situ
Carcinoid
Cardiac type mucosa
Cautery artifact
CD117 (c-kit)
CD138
CD19
CD20
CD3
CD30
CD34
CD45
CD5
CD68
CDX-2
Cholesterol cleft
Chondroid
Chondroid tumour
Chronic inflammation
Chromatin
Chromogranin
Clark’s level
Colonic mucosa
Columnar mucosa
Comedonecrosis
Cribriform
Crohn’s disease
Crypt abscess
Crypt distortion
Cryptitis
Cyclin D1
Cytokeratin
Cytokeratin 5 (CK5)
Cytokeratin 7 (CK7)
Cytokeratin 20 (CK20)
Cytologic atypia
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Cyst
Cystic degeneration
Cytoplasm
D
D2-40
Dedifferentiation
Dedifferentiated
Degenerative changes
Desmin
Desmoplasia
DIF
Differentiated
Diffuse
Direct immunofluorescence
Distal
DOG1
Duct
Dyskeratotic cells
Dysplasia
E
E-cadherin
ECL (enterochromaffin-like) cell hyperplasia
Edema
Edematous
EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor)
Endophytic
Endosalpingiosis
Eosinophil
Eosinophilic abscess
Epithelial cells
Epithelioid cells
Epithelium
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBER)
ERG
Estrogen receptor (ER)
Erosion
Excision
Exogenous hormone effect
Exophytic
Extranodal extension (ENE)
Extraparenchymal extension
F
Fat necrosis
Fibroblasts
Fibromyxoid tumour
Fibrosis
Fibrinoid necrosis
Fibrinopurulent exudate
Fibroepithelial polyp
Fibrovascular core
Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB)
Flow cytometry
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
FNCLCC (Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer)
Foamy histiocyte
Focal
Foveolar metaplasia
Frozen section
Fuhrman grade
Fusion
G
GATA-3
Gastric heterotopia
Gastroesophageal junction (GEJ)
Germinal centers
GFAP
Ghost cells
Gland
Glandular cells
Goblet cells
Grade
Granulation tissue
Granuloma
Grocott (GMS)
Gross
Gross description
H
Hamartoma
Hans algorithm
HBME-1
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
Hematopoiesis
Hematopoietic cells
Hepatocytes
Heterogeneous
Her2
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
High grade
High grade dysplasia
High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)
Histiocytes
HMB-45
Homogeneous
HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Hurthle cell
Hyams grade
Hypercellular
Hyperchromatic
Hyperchromasia
Hypergranulosis
Hyperkeratosis
Hyperplasia
Hypertrophy
Hypocellular
I
IgG4-related disease
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Immunoglobulin
Immunoreactivity
Immunostain
Implantation site
Inadequate
Infiltrative
Infiltration
Inflammation
Inflammatory cell
Intramucosal carcinoma
Intranuclear inclusions
Ischemic necrosis
Isolated tumour cells (ITCs)
In situ hybridization (ISH)
Insufficient for diagnosis
Intercellular bridges
Intestinal metaplasia
Intracytoplasmic
In-transit metastasis
In toto
Invasion
J
K
Karyotype
Keratinization
Keratinizing
Keratinocytes
Ki-67
Ki-67 labeling index
Koilocytes
KRAS
L
Lamina propria
Larynx
Lesion
Leukemia
Leukocyte
Limited for interpretation
Lipoblasts
Liposarcoma
Low grade
Low grade dysplasia
Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)
Lymphatic invasion
Lymphoblasts
Lymphoid aggregate
Lymphocyte
Lymphocytosis
Lymphoid cells
Lymphohistiocytic
Lymphoplasmacytic
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI)
Lymphoma
Lymph node
M
Macrophages
Malignant
Malignant neoplasm
Malignant spindle cell neoplasm
Malignant transformation
Margin
Mass
Mast cells
Matted lymph nodes
Melanocyte
Melanoma
Melan-A
Melanosis coli
Metaplasia
Metastasis
Metastatic carcinoma
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Mesothelial cells
MIB-1
Microcalcification
Minimally invasive
Minimal residual disease (MRD)
Mismatch repair (MMR)
MITF
Mitosis
Mitotic figure
Mitotic rate
MLH1
Mucosa
Mucin
Mucinous
Mucicarmine
Multifocal
Multinucleated giant cells
Mutation
Myofibroblastic lesion/proliferation
Myoepithelial cells
Myxoid
N
Natural killer cells (NK cells)
Neoplasm
Neck dissection
Necrosis
Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation
Negative for malignancy
Neuroblasts
Neutrophil
Neuroendocrine cell
Neuroendocrine differentiation
Neuroendocrine tumour (NET)
Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC)
Nodal stage (N stage)
Non-diagnostic
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-invasive
Nonkeratinizing
Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (NKSCC)
Non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation
Non-reactive
Non-small cell carcinoma
Nonviable
Nottingham histologic grade
NRAS
Nuclear atypia
Nucleus
Nucleoli
O
OCT3/4
Oncocytic
Oral cavity
Oropharynx
Osteoid
Oxyntic mucosa
P
p16
p40
p53
p63
Pancreatic heterotopia
Pancreatic metaplasia
Pancytokeratin
Paneth cell metaplasia
Papillary
Papilloma
Parenchyma
PASS score
PAX5
PAX8
Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS)
Periodic Acid Schiff plus Diastase (PAS-D)
Peripheral nerve sheath tumour
Parakeratosis
PD-L1
Perineural invasion (PNI)
Plasma cells
Plasmacytoid cells
Pleomorphic
Polyp
Precursor
Progesterone receptor (PR)
Proximal
Prognosis
Poorly differentiated
Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma
Poorly differentiated carcinoma
Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma
Positive for malignancy
Psammoma bodies
pTNM
Q
R
Rearrangement
Red blood cells (RBCs)
Reactive changes
Reed-Sternberg cells
Resection
Residual cancer burden index
Rhabdoid
Richter transformation
Ring sideroblasts
S
S100
SALL4
Sarcoma
Sarcomatoid
SATB2
Satellite metastasis
Schistocytes
Sebaceous glands
Sentinel lymph node
Signet ring cell
Sinonasal tract
Small bowel mucosa
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
Smooth muscle actin (SMA)
Smooth muscle neoplasm
Solar elastosis
SOX10
STAT6
Stoma
Stroma
Stromal breakdown
Squamous cell
Squamous dysplasia
Squamous epithelium
Squamous metaplasia
Squamous mucosa
Special stain
Specimen
Spindle cell
Spindle cell neoplasm
Spongiosis
Spongiotic
Spread through air spaces (STAS)
Squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL)
Suspicious for malignancy
Synaptophysin
Syndrome
T
T cells
Tangentially sectioned
Tingible body macrophages
Transformation zone
Translocation
TTF-1
Tubal metaplasia
Tumour
Tumour bed
Tumour capsule
Tumour deposit
Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)
Tumour necrosis
Tumour regression
Tumour stage (T stage)
Thyroglobulin
U
Ulcer
Undifferentiated
Urothelial cell
V
Vascular lesion
Vasculitis
Vascular invasion
Villous atrophy
Villous blunting
Viral cytopathic effects
Virus
W
Well differentiated
White blood cells (WBCs)
WT-1
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