PIK3CA is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called p110α. This protein is part of the PI3K family, which plays a central role in controlling how cells grow, divide, and survive. When PIK3CA is working normally, it helps maintain balance in these processes. When it is mutated, the pathway can become overactive …
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NRAS is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein involved in cell signaling, specifically in controlling cell growth and division. Like other genes in the RAS family, NRAS plays a role in regulating normal cell function. However, when mutations occur in the NRAS gene, the protein it encodes can become overactive, leading to …
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BRAF is a gene that gives instructions to make the BRAF protein, an enzyme that helps control how cells grow and divide. The BRAF protein is part of a signaling system in the cell known as the MAPK/ERK pathway, which normally functions as a switch to instruct cells when to grow and when to stop. In …
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