The nodal stage (N stage) describes whether cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped parts of the immune system that help filter harmful substances. They are often one of the first places cancer cells travel after leaving the original (primary) tumor. The nodal stage is a key part of the …
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The tumor stage (T stage) describes the size of the primary tumor and how far it has grown into nearby tissues. It is one part of a more extensive pathologic staging system that describes how far the cancer has spread in the body. The tumor stage focuses only on the tumor itself – it does …
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The TNM staging system is an internationally recognized way to describe how far cancer has developed and spread. It was created by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). This system uses detailed information about three key factors: Tumour (T): The size of the primary tumour and how far it has grown into surrounding tissue. …
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