Striated duct adenoma is a rare, benign tumour that develops in the salivary glands, most often in the parotid gland, situated in front of and below the ears. The tumour is made up of small ducts (tiny tube-like structures) similar to those normally found in the salivary glands. These tumours are typically slow-growing and do …
Read More »
A mutation is a change in a gene, which is a piece of DNA that provides instructions for how a cell should function. In a molecular pathology report, the word “mutation” means that there has been a genetic change in the tumour’s DNA. Some mutations are harmless, while others can contribute to cancer development or …
Read More »
Non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (also known as non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma) is the most common type of nasopharyngeal cancer. It starts in the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat located behind the nose. The tumour arises from the squamous cells that line the surface of the nasopharynx. What are the symptoms of non-keratinizing squamous cell …
Read More »
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the skeletal muscle tissue, the muscle responsible for voluntary movements like walking or lifting objects. This cancer is called “pleomorphic” because the tumour cells can take on many different shapes and sizes. It is most commonly found in adults, especially in the arms, legs, …
Read More »
Type B3 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus is part of the immune system and helps produce T cells. This type of thymoma predominantly comprises epithelial cells, which look more abnormal than those in type B1 and B2 thymomas. It has fewer …
Read More »
Type B2 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus plays an important role in the immune system by producing T cells. In this type of tumour, there is a mix of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and epithelial cells, with more …
Read More »
The FNCLCC (Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer) is the most common grading system doctors use to evaluate soft tissue sarcomas, which are cancers that start in tissues like muscles, fat, or blood vessels. This grading system helps doctors assess how aggressive (fast-growing) the tumour is, guiding treatment decisions and helping predict …
Read More »
Type B1 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus plays an important role in developing the immune system, especially during childhood. Type B1 thymomas contain many lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, and the tumour cells resemble normal thymic epithelial cells. This type of thymoma …
Read More »
A type AB thymoma is a tumour that forms in the thymus, an organ in the upper chest that is part of the immune system. These tumours contain a mix of two types of cells: the spindle-shaped epithelial cells seen in type A thymomas and the lymphocytes (white blood cells) more commonly associated with Type B thymomas. This …
Read More »
A smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare type of tumour that arises in the smooth muscle of the uterus. These tumours are considered “uncertain” because it is difficult to determine whether they are benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) based on their appearance under the microscope. STUMP falls somewhere between a …
Read More »
