Intraepithelial is a medical term pathologists use to describe cells or changes that occur entirely within the epithelium—the thin layer of tissue that lines and protects the body’s surfaces and cavities, including the skin and internal organs. This term indicates that the cells involved have not spread beyond this lining or into deeper tissues.
Why is the term intraepithelial important?
When your pathology report says “intraepithelial,” it helps clarify the location of abnormal cells or changes. If these changes are precancerous or cancerous, knowing that they are intraepithelial means they are still contained within the lining and have not invaded deeper areas. This usually indicates an early stage, when treatment is often more straightforward and more effective.
What types of conditions are described as intraepithelial?
Common examples include:
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Squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL): Abnormal cells in the cervix, vagina, anus, or mouth, often related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
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Carcinoma in situ (CIS): An early form of cancer entirely contained within the epithelium, such as in the breast or bladder.
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Intraepithelial neoplasia: Precancerous changes found in various organs, including the cervix, prostate, or skin.
Does intraepithelial mean cancer?
“Intraepithelial” itself does not necessarily mean cancer. It simply indicates that abnormal or potentially precancerous cells are confined to the epithelium and have not invaded deeper tissue. However, some intraepithelial changes can progress to invasive cancer if not treated. Your doctor will use this information to recommend the best management or follow-up plan.
What happens next?
If your pathology report describes intraepithelial changes, your doctor may suggest further tests, monitoring, or treatment depending on the type and location of the cells. Regular follow-up and treatment, when needed, can effectively prevent progression to invasive cancer.
