Background: A complex sclerosing lesion (CSL), also known as a radial scar, is a non-cancerous growth characterized by an increased number of glands and ducts around a central scar. Although non-cancerous, CSL is associated with a small increased risk of developing breast cancer when compared to women without CSL. What are the symptoms of a …
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Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a non-cancerous breast disease. Although LCIS is not a type of cancer, it is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer over time. The two types of breast cancer associated with LCIS are invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma. The increased risk applies to both breasts, …
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Invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer. It originates from epithelial cells lining the ducts of the breast and spreads into the surrounding breast tissue. If not treated, invasive ductal carcinoma can spread to other body parts, such as the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs. Another name for this type of …
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HER2 stands for “human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.” It is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein found on the surface of specific cells. Normally, this protein helps control how cells grow, divide, and repair themselves. However, in some cancers, the cells have too many copies of the gene, resulting in the …
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