A Pap test (also called a Pap smear) is a simple screening test used to look for abnormal cells in the lining of the cervix or anal canal. These areas are lined by squamous cells, which can develop changes over time that may lead to cancer if not detected and treated early. The main purpose …
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Squamous metaplasia is a benign (non-cancerous) change that occurs when the normal cells in a tissue or organ are replaced by specialized cells known as squamous cells. This type of change happens as an adaptive response when tissues are repeatedly irritated or inflamed. Squamous metaplasia often occurs in the respiratory tract, urinary tract (especially the …
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Fibroblasts are a type of cell normally found in connective tissue. They play an important role in maintaining the structural framework of tissues and organs in the body. They are one the most common types of cells found in connective tissue and are primarily involved in producing and secreting the extracellular matrix, which provides structural …
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Sinonasal angiofibroma is a noncancerous (benign) but locally invasive tumor that starts in the nasal cavity or the nasopharynx (the upper part of the throat behind the nose). It is also called juvenile angiofibroma or nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. This tumor occurs almost exclusively in adolescent boys and young men, and it is made up largely of …
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Apocrine metaplasia is a benign (noncancerous) change in which the normal cells lining a tissue are replaced by cells that resemble apocrine cells, a special type of glandular cell normally found in the skin. The word metaplasia refers to the replacement of one type of mature cell by another. Apocrine metaplasia is very common, especially …
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Glandular cells are specialized epithelial cells that form the functional units of most internal organs. They are involved in the production and secretion of substances that aid in the normal activity of the organ. These substances may include enzymes, hormones, mucus, or other products that are released into ducts, surfaces, or the bloodstream for various …
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Metastatic adenocarcinoma refers to cancer that has spread from its original (primary) site to other parts of the body. The term adenocarcinoma specifically refers to a type of cancer made up of glandular cells, which are the cells found inside most internal organs. For example, if someone has metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast, it means …
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Endosalpingiosis is a condition in which tissue that normally lines the inside of the fallopian tube is found somewhere else in the body. It is most often found in the pelvis, including on the surface of the ovaries, on the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity), and in nearby lymph nodes. Endosalpingiosis is a …
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Metastatic carcinoma refers to cancer that has spread from its original (primary) site to other parts of the body. The term carcinoma specifically refers to a type of cancer that begins in the epithelial cells, which line the organs and tissues of the body. For example, if someone has metastatic carcinoma of the breast, it …
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B-lymphoblastic leukemia, also called B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), is a type of blood cancer that starts in the bone marrow, the soft inner part of bones where blood cells are made. In this disease, the bone marrow produces large numbers of immature white blood cells called lymphoblasts. These lymphoblasts come from a type of …
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