Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare type of blood cancer that develops in T cells. T cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune system by fighting infections and helping to regulate immune responses. When ATLL mainly affects the blood and bone marrow, it is called …
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Matted lymph nodes are groups of lymph nodes that have become stuck together, forming a single mass. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that are part of the immune system. They help the body fight infections by filtering out harmful substances. Normally, lymph nodes are separate from one another, but in certain conditions, they can …
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Definition: Multinucleated giant cells are large cells that contain multiple nuclei. These cells are formed by the fusion of smaller cells, typically macrophages, which are immune cells involved in the body’s response to infection, inflammation, or foreign substances. Multinucleated giant cells are commonly seen in various inflammatory conditions and certain types of tumours. What do …
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In pathology, chondroid refers to tissue that looks and behaves like cartilage. Cartilage is a firm, flexible tissue found in various body parts, such as the joints and respiratory tract. What does chondroid tissue look like under the microscope? Chondroid tissue appears glassy and smooth under the microscope and is made up of cells called …
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Background: An ampullary adenoma is a non-cancerous growth that forms in the ampulla of Vater. The ampulla is a small opening where the bile and pancreatic ducts meet and empty their fluids into a part of the small intestine called the duodenum. These fluids help break down food during digestion. While an adenoma is benign …
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In pathology, the word amorphous means “without a clear shape or structure.” When a pathologist uses this term in a report, it describes material seen under the microscope that appears shapeless, featureless, or disorganized — lacking the defined outlines and patterns of normal cells or tissue. Amorphous material is not a diagnosis on its own, …
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Neuroendocrine differentiation is a term pathologists use to describe cells that exhibit features of both nerve cells and hormone-producing cells. These cells are capable of producing, storing, and releasing hormones, much like cells in the nervous and endocrine systems. Neuroendocrine differentiation can be seen in both normal tissues and tumours. When seen in a tumour, …
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In pathology, the term “blastoid” refers to cells that have features resembling immature precursor cells, known as blasts, which are typically found in the bone marrow. These cells are generally considered abnormal and can be indicative of aggressive and rapidly proliferating diseases, often seen in certain types of cancers. Microscopic features of blastoid cells Blastoid …
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In pathology, the term “blasts” refers to immature cells in the early stages of development into mature cells. These cells are typically found in the bone marrow, which is part of the normal process of blood cell formation known as hematopoiesis. Blasts can develop into various types of blood cells, such as red blood cells, white …
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Cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma (CMTC) is a rare type of thyroid cancer with a distinctive appearance under the microscope and an important link to an inherited condition called familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland at the front of the neck that helps regulate metabolism. CMTC was once grouped with papillary thyroid …
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