BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes. This means they normally help prevent cancer by repairing damaged DNA and regulating cell growth. When either of these genes is mutated (changed), cells are more likely to grow in an uncontrolled way, which can lead to cancer. These mutations can be inherited from a parent and are …
Read More »
A malignant phyllodes tumor is a rare type of breast cancer that arises from the stroma (supportive connective tissue) of the breast. Unlike more common types of breast cancer, phyllodes tumors have both epithelial (ductal or glandular) and stromal (connective tissue) components. Malignant phyllodes tumors are characterized by rapid growth, significant cellular abnormalities, and a …
Read More »
The residual cancer burden (RCB) index measures the amount of cancer remaining in the breast and nearby lymph nodes after neoadjuvant therapy (treatment given before surgery). The index is used for the most common types of breast cancer, including invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, invasive apocrine carcinoma, and invasive breast carcinoma (not otherwise specified). The index combines several pathologic …
Read More »
Invasive breast carcinoma (not otherwise specified) is the most common type of breast cancer. It starts in the cells lining the ducts of the breast and invades surrounding breast tissue. This type of cancer is often referred to as invasive ductal carcinoma. It is the most common form of breast cancer. The diagnosis of invasive …
Read More »
Encapsulated papillary carcinoma is a non-invasive type of breast cancer. “Non-invasive” means that the cancerous cells are confined to where they started and have not spread to nearby breast tissue. This type of tumour behaves similarly to another non-invasive breast cancer called ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which also has a low risk of spreading. …
Read More »
Invasive apocrine carcinoma is a type of breast cancer. This type of breast cancer is made up of large pink cells that resemble the cells typically found in apocrine-type sweat glands in the skin. Invasive apocrine carcinoma is a rare type of cancer, representing approximately 1% of all breast cancers. What are the symptoms of …
Read More »
Paget’s disease is a non-invasive type of breast cancer that involves the nipple and surrounding skin. It is considered non-invasive because the tumour cells are limited to a layer of the skin called the epidermis. Most tumours are believed to start in channels called ducts that run from the nipple to glands deep in the breast. …
Read More »
A borderline phyllodes tumor is an uncommon breast tumor that arises from the stroma (supportive connective tissue) within the breast. It has characteristics that fall between benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) phyllodes tumors. Borderline phyllodes tumors grow faster and have a greater likelihood of recurrence than benign tumors, but they typically do not spread to …
Read More »
Invasive mammary carcinoma is a diagnosis used to describe a cancerous tumour in the breast that has not been subclassified into a more specific type of breast cancer. Additional tests often result in the tumour being subclassified as invasive ductal carcinoma or invasive lobular carcinoma. Is invasive mammary carcinoma a type of breast cancer? Yes. …
Read More »
Invasive ductal carcinoma with apocrine features is a type of breast cancer. This type of breast cancer is made up of large pink cells that resemble the cells typically found in apocrine-type sweat glands in the skin. Invasive ductal carcinoma with apocrine features is a rare type of cancer, representing approximately 1% of all breast …
Read More »
