A well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is the most common type of appendiceal cancer. It starts from specialized neuroendocrine cells in the lining of the appendix. These cells normally help regulate digestion by releasing hormones in response to signals from the nervous system. Most well differentiated NETs are small, slow growing, and curable with surgery. …
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What is mucinous cystadenofibroma? A mucinous cystadenofibroma is a non-cancerous type of ovarian tumour. While these tumours are non-cancerous, they can grow to be very large in size and can cause significant symptoms for many patients. How do pathologists make this diagnosis? For most women, the diagnosis of mucinous cystadenofibroma is only made when the …
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Background: Fibromatosis is a benign (non-cancerous) tumour made up of a specialized type of connective tissue called fibrous tissue. Pathologists divide fibromatosis into two categories depending on where the tumour develops. Tumours that develop just under the skin are called superficial fibromatosis. Tumours that develop deeper within the body are called deep fibromatosis. Types of …
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Fracture is the medical term used to describe a break in a bone. When a bone breaks, the muscles, and blood vessels around the broken bone are usually damaged as well. What causes a fracture? Most fractures are caused by trauma to the body as a result of high-impact force or stress. A pathologic fracture …
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What is a ganglion cyst? A ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous change, or cyst, within a joint or tendon that appears as soft, round lumps. These cysts are made up of small spaces filled with mucous fluid and are surrounded by thickened fibrous tissue. They are usually under three centimeters in size. Most ganglion cysts …
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Keratinizing squamous dysplasia is a precancerous condition affecting the lining of the oral cavity, including the mouth, tongue, and lips. It develops in squamous cells, the flat cells that normally form the surface layer of the oral mucosa and act as a protective barrier. In keratinizing squamous dysplasia, these squamous cells grow and mature abnormally. …
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A plasmacytoma is a tumor made up of plasma cells, a type of immune cell that lives in the bone marrow and makes antibodies (immunoglobulins) to help fight infections. In a plasmacytoma, these plasma cells grow abnormally and form a single tumor or mass. When the tumor forms inside a bone, it is called a …
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Salivary duct carcinoma is a cancer that starts in the salivary glands. The salivary glands are small organs that produce saliva to help chew, swallow, and digest food. This cancer is considered rare and tends to grow more aggressively than other types of salivary gland cancers. Salivary duct carcinoma commonly affects the parotid gland, the …
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A xanthoma is a type of growth that forms under the skin or in other tissues of the body. It is made up of fat-filled cells called foamy histiocytes, which are a type of immune cell that has absorbed fat. Xanthomas can appear anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the skin. …
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Xanthelasma (pronounced zan-the-las-ma) is a non-cancerous growth that appears as a soft, yellowish patch on the skin around the eyes, most often on the eyelids. These growths are composed of special immune cells called histiocytes that have become filled with fat (lipids). Because xanthelasma is harmless, it does not spread or turn into cancer. However, its …
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