Lymphoplasmacytic is a term pathologists use to describe inflammation involving two specific types of immune cells: lymphocytes and plasma cells. Lymphocytes are white blood cells that help protect your body against infections. Plasma cells are specialized cells that develop from lymphocytes and produce antibodies to fight infections and other harmful substances. What causes lymphoplasmacytic inflammation? …
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Lymphohistiocytic is a term pathologists use to describe a type of inflammation involving two kinds of immune cells: lymphocytes and histiocytes. Lymphocytes are white blood cells that help your body fight infections, while histiocytes are cells that remove harmful substances and help repair damaged tissues. Together, these cells indicate that your immune system is responding …
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A satellite metastasis is a small group of cancer cells that has spread just beyond the main tumour but remains very close to it. These small tumours are usually found within 2 centimeters of the primary tumour and have not yet traveled to lymph nodes or distant organs. Satellite metastases are most commonly seen in …
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D2-40 is a protein normally found in the cells lining the lymphatic vessels, which are part of the body’s immune system. These vessels help drain fluid from tissues and transport immune cells. This protein can also be found in other types of cells, allowing pathologists to identify specific tumours made up of these cells. What …
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A fibroepithelial polyp is a small, noncancerous growth that develops on the surface of the skin or the lining of certain body parts, such as the urinary tract or genital area. It is made up of fibrous tissue (connective tissue that supports other tissues in the body) and is covered by a thin layer of …
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Poorly differentiated carcinoma is a type of cancer made up of cells that line the surfaces of organs. Differentiation refers to the degree to which cancer cells resemble normal cells from the tissue in which they originated. When cancer is poorly differentiated, the tumour cells have lost many of the normal structures and features, making …
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MLH1 is a gene that produces a protein involved in DNA repair, specifically in a process called mismatch repair. This protein works closely with other mismatch repair proteins, including PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6, to detect and fix small errors that occur when DNA is copied in dividing cells. Together, these proteins play an important role …
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MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) is a protein that helps regulate the development, function, and survival of certain types of cells, particularly melanocytes. Melanocytes are specialized cells found in the skin and other tissues where they produce a pigment called melanin. This pigment gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. MITF plays a crucial role …
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A translocation is a specific type of genetic change where a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. Chromosomes are structures inside your cells that carry DNA, which contains the instructions your body needs to grow and function. When pieces of chromosomes switch places, they create new combinations of genetic material. …
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Matted lymph nodes are groups of lymph nodes that have become stuck together, forming a single mass. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that are part of the immune system. They help the body fight infections by filtering out harmful substances. Normally, lymph nodes are separate from one another, but in certain conditions, they can …
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