CD34 is a protein found on the surface of specific cells in your body, mainly stem cells (cells that can develop into various other types of cells), endothelial cells (blood vessel cells), and specific blood-forming cells. It plays an important role in cell growth and development, especially in forming new blood vessels and blood cells. …
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In medicine, the term benign describes something that is not cancerous. Most often, it refers to growths or tumors that do not spread or invade other parts of the body. Pathologists, who are doctors specialized in examining tissues and cells, use the word benign to indicate that a particular growth or tissue sample does not …
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In pathology, the term atypical describes cells that look unusual or abnormal under the microscope. This term refers to changes observed in the shape, size, or structure of cells, particularly affecting the cell’s cytoplasm (the body of the cell) or the nucleus (the part that holds the genetic material). Does atypical mean malignant? No, atypical …
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Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is an early-stage, non-invasive form of cancer in which abnormal cells are confined to the epithelium – the thin layer of tissue that lines the surfaces and internal structures of the body. “In situ” means “in its original place,” indicating that the cancerous cells have not spread into surrounding tissues or …
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Carcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in epithelial cells. Epithelial cells are specialized cells that line the surfaces of your body, both inside and out. For example, epithelial cells form your skin, line your digestive tract, and cover the surfaces of organs like your lungs, breasts, and prostate. Carcinomas can start in any …
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Adipose tissue, commonly known as fat, is a type of tissue in the body made up of cells called adipocytes. These cells store energy in the form of fat, help cushion and protect internal organs, and provide insulation to maintain body temperature. Adipose tissue plays an essential role in overall health and metabolism. Where is …
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Anaplastic is a term for tumour cells that have lost their normal structure and function. Anaplastic tumor cells look very different from the normal cells from which they originated and tend to behave more aggressively. Key features of anaplastic cells include: Loss of differentiation: Normal cells are specialized and have specific functions. Anaplastic cells lose …
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Adenosquamous carcinoma is a type of cancer that contains two different kinds of tumour cells: glandular cells and squamous cells. Glandular cells normally produce and release substances such as mucus or enzymes, while squamous cells form the flat surface layers of the skin and line many internal organs. Because it contains both cell types, adenosquamous …
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In pathology, the term atypia describes cells that look abnormal when examined under the microscope. These changes can affect the cytoplasm (body) of the cell or the nucleus (the part of the cell that holds the genetic material). Does atypia mean malignant? Atypia does not necessarily mean malignant (cancerous). While malignant tumors commonly contain cells …
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Apoptosis, often referred to as programmed cell death, is a natural and highly regulated process that occurs in all animals. It plays a crucial role in various biological functions, including development, tissue homeostasis, and the elimination of damaged or unnecessary cells. It is characterized by a series of well-orchestrated cellular events that lead to the …
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