Invasive mammary carcinoma is a diagnosis used to describe a cancerous tumour in the breast that has not been subclassified into a more specific type of breast cancer. Additional tests often result in the tumour being subclassified as invasive ductal carcinoma or invasive lobular carcinoma. Is invasive mammary carcinoma a type of breast cancer? Yes. …
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Acute cholecystitis refers to the sudden and active inflammation of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located just beneath the liver in the upper right side of the abdomen. Inflammation happens when the gallbladder wall becomes swollen and irritated, usually because something is blocking the normal flow of bile. What is the …
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Erosive esophagitis is a condition where the inner lining of the esophagus (the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach) becomes damaged and inflamed. This damage causes the cells that normally cover the inside of the esophagus to break down or slough off, creating open areas called erosions. What causes erosive esophagitis? …
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Candida esophagitis is a fungal infection of the esophagus, the tube that carries food and liquids from your mouth to your stomach. This condition causes inflammation and damage to the lining of the esophagus. It is also known as esophageal candidiasis or simply esophageal thrush. Candida is a type of fungus that normally lives on …
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Herpes esophagitis is an infection of the esophagus (the tube connecting your mouth to your stomach) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). The infection causes inflammation and damages the lining of the esophagus, making it difficult and painful to swallow. What causes herpes esophagitis? Herpes esophagitis happens when the herpes simplex virus infects the …
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CMV esophagitis is a condition in which the esophagus becomes infected by a virus called cytomegalovirus (CMV). This infection causes inflammation and damage to the tissue lining the esophagus, leading to pain and difficulty swallowing. CMV is a member of the herpesvirus family. It is a common virus that many people carry in their body …
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A malignant spindle cell neoplasm is a type of cancer made up of spindle-shaped cells. Under the microscope, these cells look long and narrow, similar to the shape of a spindle (a pointed rod used for spinning thread). This diagnosis describes how the cells look under the microscope but does not identify the exact type …
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ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a type of cancer that starts in T cells, which are specialized white blood cells that normally help the body fight infections. Because it develops from immune cells, it is classified as a non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). This disease most often involves lymph nodes, but it can also appear …
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Goblet cell adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that starts in the appendix. It arises from cells normally found on the inside surface of the appendix. Low grade goblet cell adenocarcinoma used to be called goblet cell carcinoid. What are the symptoms of goblet cell adenocarcinoma? Most patients with goblet cell adenocarcinoma present with symptoms …
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NRAS is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein involved in cell signaling, specifically in controlling cell growth and division. Like other genes in the RAS family, NRAS plays a role in regulating normal cell function. However, when mutations occur in the NRAS gene, the protein it encodes can become overactive, leading to …
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