Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of liver cancer. It starts from liver cells called hepatocytes, which are the main cells responsible for normal liver function. Hepatocellular carcinoma most often develops in a liver that has already been damaged by long-standing disease, such as cirrhosis, although in a small number of people it can …
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A hemangioma is a non-cancerous tumour made up of an abnormal collection of blood vessels. These tumours often appear red to blue and typically have a well-defined border separating them from the surrounding normal tissue. Hemangiomas can occur anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the skin, head, neck, and liver. The …
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What is extramammary Paget disease of the vulva? Extramammary Paget disease of the vulva is a non-invasive type of vulvar cancer. The tumour starts from cells found in the skin on the surface of the vulva. It is important to distinguish this condition from secondary Paget disease which is the spread of tumour cells from …
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What is an endometrial polyp? An endometrial polyp is a non-cancerous growth found on the inside of the uterus. The polyp sticks out from the thin layer of tissue on the inside uterus called the endometrium. The polyp is made up of an increased number of otherwise normal-appearing endometrial glands and stroma. What causes an …
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Esophagitis means inflammation in the tissue lining the inside of the esophagus. The esophagus is a long hollow tube that starts at the back of your throat and ends at the top of your stomach. Swallowed food travels down the esophagus into the stomach. What are the symptoms of esophagitis? Patients with esophagitis often suffer …
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What is endometriosis? Endometriosis is a non-cancerous condition that occurs when tissue that is normally found in a part of the body called the endometrium starts growing outside the endometrium. What parts of the body are commonly affected by endometriosis? Endometriosis commonly involves the ovaries, fallopian tubes, outside surface of the uterus, posterior cul-de-sac (space …
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What is an endometrioid borderline tumour of the ovary? Endometrioid borderline tumour is a type of ovarian tumour that has low malignant potential. This means that there is a small risk that the tumour will turn into cancer over time. The behaviour of an endometrioid borderline tumour is in between that of an endometrioid cystadenofibroma …
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An endocervical polyp is a noncancerous growth in the cervix. These growths develop inside the endocervical canal, which is the passage that connects the uterus to the vagina. Polyps are made of mucus-producing endocervical glands and supporting tissue called stroma. They are called polyps because they project outward from the surface, creating a finger-like or …
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Giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone is a common type of bone tumour. It can start in almost any bone in the body. Although most GCTs of bone are considered benign (non-cancerous) tumours, they are locally aggressive and large tumours can cause the surrounding bone to break. Some tumours may grow beyond the bone and …
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A gastrointestinal stromal tumour, or GIST, is a type of cancer that starts in the digestive tract. The most common places for GISTs to develop are the stomach and small intestine, but they can occur anywhere along the digestive tract. GISTs are different from other types of tumours because they start in special cells called …
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