Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) of the breast is a benign (non-cancerous) condition characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of epithelial cells in the lobules of the breast. This condition involves cells that look different from normal cells but are not abnormal enough to be classified as cancer. Atypical lobular hyperplasia is considered a …
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A ganglioneuroma is a rare type of non-cancerous tumor that develops from cells of the sympathetic nervous system. This is part of the body’s network of nerves that controls automatic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. Ganglioneuroma is considered the most mature form in a family of tumors called neuroblastic tumors. Less …
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What is a spermatocytic tumour? Spermatocytic tumour is a rare type of testicular cancer that is typically seen in men over 50 years of age. Unlike other types of testicular cancers, spermatocytic tumour also never metastasizes (spreads) to other parts of the body and most patients are cured with surgery alone. What type of tumour …
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. It is ubiquitous and infects people of all ages. CMV is spread through body fluids such as blood, saliva, urine, and breast milk. What are the symptoms of cytomegalovirus infection? Most healthy individuals who become infected with CMV have no symptoms, and the virus …
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CD19 is a protein primarily expressed on the surface of B cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune system’s defense against infections. This protein is expressed throughout the entire B cell development process, from pre-B cells to mature B cells where it is involved in the regulation …
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What is an intramuscular myxoma? An intramuscular myxoma is a non-cancerous tumour made up of spindle cells surrounded by myxoid tissue and located within a muscle. Is an intramuscular myxoma benign or malignant? An intramuscular myxoma is a benign (non-cancerous) type of tumour. Can an intramuscular myxoma turn into cancer over time? No. Intramuscular myxoma …
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What is a myxoma? A myxoma is a non-cancerous tumour made up of spindle cells surrounded by myxoid tissue. Where are myxomas found in the body? Myxomas are commonly found in the heart, skin, and ovaries, around joints, inside nerves, and within skeletal muscle. Is a myxoma benign or malignant? A myxoma is a benign …
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What is a hibernoma? A hibernoma is a non-cancerous tumour made up of brown fat. Brown fat is a type of fat that is normally found in newborns and young children but it disappears over time and most adults have very little brown fat. Is hibernoma a type of cancer? No. A hibernoma is a …
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Lymphoepithelial carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that typically develops in the head and neck area, most often in the salivary glands. It is characterized by a mix of cancerous cells and a large number of immune cells called lymphocytes. This type of cancer is considered aggressive but can often be treated successfully if …
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Squamous epithelium is a thin layer of tissue made up of flat cells called squamous cells. These cells form a protective barrier on the surface of various organs and tissues throughout the body, helping to protect the underlying tissues from injury, infection, and irritation. Where is squamous epithelium found in the body? Squamous epithelium is …
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