Primary myelofibrosis is a type of blood cancer called a myeloproliferative neoplasm. It starts in the bone marrow, the soft tissue inside bones where blood cells are made. In this condition, abnormal blood-forming stem cells cause excessive production of certain blood cell types, especially megakaryocytes (the cells that make platelets). Over time, these abnormal cells …
Read More »
Parosteal osteosarcoma is a rare type of low-grade bone cancer that forms on the outer surface of a bone, rather than inside the bone. The word “parosteal” means “beside the bone,” and this tumour starts in the thin layer of tissue that covers the bone, called the periosteum. It grows slowly and is considered a …
Read More »
Low-grade central osteosarcoma (LGCOS) is a rare type of bone cancer. It starts inside the medullary cavity, the central part of a bone where the bone marrow is found. LGCOS is called “low-grade” because the cancer cells look only mildly abnormal under the microscope and grow slowly compared to more aggressive forms of osteosarcoma. The …
Read More »
Chronic myeloid leukaemia is a type of blood cancer called a myeloproliferative neoplasm. It is defined by an abnormal fusion gene called BCR::ABL1. This gene causes the bone marrow to produce too many white blood cells, especially myelocytes and neutrophils, which normally help fight infection. Most people are diagnosed at an early, slow-growing stage called …
Read More »
Grade 3 chondrosarcoma, also known as high-grade chondrosarcoma, is a type of cancer made up of cartilage that develops within the medulla (central space) of a bone. It is one of the most common types of primary bone cancer in adults. Why is the grade important? Chondrosarcomas are graded based on their appearance under the …
Read More »
Grade 2 chondrosarcoma, also known as intermediate grade chondrosarcoma, is a type of cancer made up of cartilage that develops within the medulla (central space) of a bone. It is one of the most common types of primary bone cancer in adults. Why is the grade important? Chondrosarcomas are graded based on their appearance under …
Read More »
Chondroblastic osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer. This type of cancer can start in any bone in the body, however, most are found in the long bones of the arms and legs. The jaws are also commonly involved. This type of cancer affects both children and older adults. The term “chondroblastic” means that some …
Read More »
A central atypical cartilaginous tumour (ACT) is a type of bone cancer. The tumour is called “cartilaginous” because it is made up of cartilage-producing cells. Cartilage is a type of connective tissue normally found throughout the body. These tumours start on the inside of a bone in a space called the “medulla”. Another name for …
Read More »
Ewing sarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that most often affects bones and, less commonly, the soft tissues. It belongs to a group of tumours called sarcomas, which arise from connective tissues such as bone, muscle, or soft tissue. Ewing sarcoma is made up of very immature-appearing cells and is driven by …
Read More »
What are the Ewing family of tumours? Ewing family of tumours (EFTs) is a category of disease that includes several related cancers such as Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET). All of the cancers in the EFTs are part of a larger group of cancers called sarcomas. Ewing family of tumour (EFT) typically …
Read More »
