NUT carcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that can develop in different parts of the body, most commonly in the head, neck, or chest. It grows quickly and spreads quickly, making early diagnosis and treatment important. NUT carcinoma is named after a specific genetic change that affects the NUTM1 gene, which plays …
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Polypoid cystitis is a non-cancerous condition caused by long-term (chronic) irritation or inflammation of the bladder’s inner lining. The term polypoid refers to abnormal growths that protrude or stick out from the tissue surface, while cystitis describes inflammation within the bladder. Polypoid cystitis is reversible and typically improves once the source of irritation is removed. …
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What is a well differentiated neuroendocrine tumour in the appendix? Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (NET) is a cancer and the most common type of cancer in the appendix. The tumour is made up of specialized neuroendocrine cells that are normally found inside the appendix. Pathologists divide well differentiated NETs of the appendix into three grades …
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What is mucinous cystadenofibroma? A mucinous cystadenofibroma is a non-cancerous type of ovarian tumour. While these tumours are non-cancerous, they can grow to be very large in size and can cause significant symptoms for many patients. How do pathologists make this diagnosis? For most women, the diagnosis of mucinous cystadenofibroma is only made when the …
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Background: Fibromatosis is a benign (non-cancerous) tumour made up of a specialized type of connective tissue called fibrous tissue. Pathologists divide fibromatosis into two categories depending on where the tumour develops. Tumours that develop just under the skin are called superficial fibromatosis. Tumours that develop deeper within the body are called deep fibromatosis. Types of …
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Fracture is the medical term used to describe a break in a bone. When a bone breaks, the muscles, and blood vessels around the broken bone are usually damaged as well. What causes a fracture? Most fractures are caused by trauma to the body as a result of high-impact force or stress. A pathologic fracture …
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What is a ganglion cyst? A ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous change, or cyst, within a joint or tendon that appears as soft, round lumps. These cysts are made up of small spaces filled with mucous fluid and are surrounded by thickened fibrous tissue. They are usually under three centimeters in size. Most ganglion cysts …
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Background: Keratinizing squamous dysplasia is a condition characterized by abnormal growth and development of the squamous cells that line the oral cavity. In this condition, the squamous cells exhibit abnormal changes, including increased keratin production, which can lead to the formation of thickened, white, or red patches in the oral cavity. This condition is considered …
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A plasmacytoma is a tumour made up of specialized immune cells called plasma cells. When a plasmacytoma forms outside of a bone it is called an extraosseous plasmacytoma. If only a single tumour is found in a bone without evidence of abnormal plasma cells in other parts of the body, it is called a solitary …
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Salivary duct carcinoma is a cancer that starts in the salivary glands. The salivary glands are small organs that produce saliva to help chew, swallow, and digest food. This cancer is considered rare and tends to grow more aggressively than other types of salivary gland cancers. Salivary duct carcinoma commonly affects the parotid gland, the …
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