Pleomorphic adenoma is a non-cancerous tumour that most commonly arises in the salivary glands, especially the parotid gland, the largest salivary gland located near the ear and jaw. It is called “pleomorphic” because it contains a mix of different types of cells and tissue structures, including epithelial cells, myoepithelial cells, and stromal (connective tissue) elements. Pleomorphic …
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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a type of kidney cancer. It develops from tiny tubes inside the kidney called tubules. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer found in adults. Many clear cell renal cell carcinomas grow slowly and have a good outlook. However, some tumors may behave …
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Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common type of breast cancer after invasive ductal carcinoma. It starts in the lobules — the small glands in the breast that produce milk — and grows into the surrounding breast tissue. The term “invasive” means the cancer cells have spread beyond the lobules into nearby tissue. …
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Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive type of breast cancer that starts in the lining of the breast ducts — the tiny tubes that carry milk from the glands to the nipple. Noninvasive means that all the abnormal cells are confined inside the ducts and have not broken through the duct wall into …
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A plasma cell neoplasm is a group of related diseases that begin when plasma cells, a type of immune cell found in the bone marrow, start growing abnormally. Normal plasma cells make immunoglobulins (antibodies) that help the body fight infections. In a plasma cell neoplasm, one group of plasma cells grows more than it should …
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What is diffuse large B cell lymphoma? Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive type of cancer that starts from specialized immune cells called B cells. DLBCL is the most common type of lymphoma to affect adults and typically arises in people greater than 65 years old. This type of cancer is slightly …
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Burkitt lymphoma is a rapidly growing cancer of the immune system that originates from B cells, a type of white blood cell that normally helps fight infections. This lymphoma is unique because it is almost always associated with a genetic mutation in the MYC gene, which causes the cancer cells to divide rapidly. Due to …
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Background: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare and aggressive cancer that arises from connective tissues, including muscles, tendons, fat, and fibrous tissues. The term “undifferentiated” indicates that the tumour cells do not resemble normal cells in the body and lack specific differentiation toward a particular tissue type. “Pleomorphic” refers to the varied shapes and …
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What is superficial fibromatosis? Superficial fibromatosis is a non-cancerous tumour made up of a specialized type of connective tissue called fibrous tissue. What are the types of superficial fibromatosis? Palmar fibromatosis Palmar fibromatosis is a type of superficial fibromatosis that affects the palm (inside surface) of the hand. It is also called Dupuytren’s contracture. Palmar …
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Synovial sarcoma is a rare type of soft tissue cancer. Despite its name, it does not usually start from the lining of joints (synovium). Instead, it arises from primitive connective tissue cells that exhibit features of both spindle-shaped cells and epithelial cells. This article explains the pathology report for synovial sarcoma, including how it is …
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