A mitotically active leiomyoma is a noncancerous (benign) tumor that starts in the muscular wall of the uterus. It is made of smooth muscle cells, the same cells that make up the uterine wall, called the myometrium. In the uterus, leiomyoma and fibroid mean the same thing, so a mitotically active leiomyoma is a type …
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A cellular leiomyoma is a noncancerous (benign) tumor that develops in the muscular wall of the uterus, which is called the myometrium. Leiomyomas are made of smooth muscle cells, the same cells that make up the normal wall of the uterus. In the uterus, leiomyoma and fibroid mean the same thing, so a cellular leiomyoma …
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Fat necrosis is a condition that happens when fat tissue in the body is damaged and the fat cells (adipose cells) die. The body responds by breaking down the dead cells and often replacing them with scar tissue. This process can result in firm, rounded, or irregular lumps in the affected area. These lumps may …
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Fibrinoid necrosis is a pattern of tissue damage (a type of necrosis) in which a bright pink, fibrin-like material builds up inside the wall of a blood vessel. It develops when the wall of a blood vessel is badly injured, allowing proteins from the blood to leak into and replace the normal wall. The name …
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What is MDM2? MDM2 is a gene that promotes cell division (the creation of new cells). Normal cells and those in non-cancerous tumours have two copies of the MDM2 gene. In contrast, cancerous tumours such as atypical lipomatous tumour/well differentiated liposarcoma have more than two copies of the MDM2 gene. How do pathologists test for …
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Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, is an aggressive type of brain tumor that develops from glial cells, the supporting cells of the central nervous system. It belongs to a larger group of tumors called diffuse gliomas. Diffuse gliomas are infiltrative, which means the tumor cells spread into the normal brain tissue around them and cannot be fully separated …
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An intraductal papilloma is a noncancerous (benign) tumor that grows inside one of the small milk ducts of the breast. The word intraductal means “inside the duct,” and papilloma refers to the small finger-like projections, called papillae, that form within the duct. Intraductal papillomas are among the most common benign breast tumors and cannot spread …
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Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) is a non-cancerous (benign) change in the breast that starts in the cells lining the small tubes called ducts. Although it is not cancer, ADH is considered a precancerous condition because having it is associated with an increased chance of developing breast cancer in the future. Compared with someone without ADH, …
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Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, is a common autoimmune condition that affects the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland at the front of the neck that makes hormones that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and many other body functions. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is not a cancer. In this condition, the …
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Adrenal cortical carcinoma is a rare cancer that starts in the adrenal cortex, the outer layer of the adrenal gland. The body has two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney. The adrenal cortex makes hormones that help control blood pressure, blood sugar, and the body’s response to stress. Many of these tumors also …
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