What is a fundic gland polyp? A fundic gland polyp is a non-cancerous growth that develops from the cells lining the inside of the stomach. It is the most common type of polyp in the stomach. Where in the stomach do fundic gland polyps start? The stomach is divided into four parts: cardia, fundus, body, …
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A squamous papilloma is a common benign (non-cancerous) growth made up of squamous cells, the flat cells that line many surfaces of the body. The cells grow outward in small finger-like projections, which gives the growth its characteristic bumpy or wart-like shape. The medical word for this shape is papillary. Squamous papillomas can develop anywhere …
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What is chronic cholecystitis? Chronic cholecystitis is prolonged, or long-standing, inflammation of the gallbladder. It is a very common condition that is more frequently seen in young and middle-aged women. What causes chronic cholecystitis? Chronic cholecystitis is typically caused by gallstones that get stuck in the cystic duct, which is a tube that connects the …
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This article is designed to help you understand your pathology report for erosive gastritis of the stomach. Each section explains an important aspect of the diagnosis and what it means for you. What is erosive gastritis? Erosive gastritis is a condition where the protective lining inside the stomach becomes damaged or worn away. This damage …
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Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precancerous condition of the cervix caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). It is composed of squamous cells infected and altered by the virus. These abnormal cells are found in the transformation zone — the part of the cervix where glandular cells are gradually replaced by squamous cells. CIN …
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TTF-1 (stands for thyroid transcription factor -1) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the development and differentiation of the thyroid gland, thymus, lung, and brain. It is a nuclear protein which means it is normally found in a part of the cell called the nucleus. TTF-1 is normally expressed in the …
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What is a spermatocele? A spermatocele is a non-cancerous fluid-filled space that develops in a part of the testicle called the epididymis. While most small spermatoceles will resolve on their own over time, large spermatoceles can cause pain and may need to be surgically removed. What causes a spermatocele? For most patients, a cause is …
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What is a yolk sac tumour? Yolk sac tumour is a type of cancer. In males, the tumour often starts in the testicle where it is part of a group of cancers known as germ-cell tumours. Yolk sac tumour is the most common type of testicular tumour in young children and it typically responds well …
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What is embryonal carcinoma of the male testis? Embryonal carcinoma is a type of testicular cancer and part of a group of cancers known as germ-cell tumours. Embryonal carcinoma is an aggressive type of germ-cell tumour that frequently spreads to other parts of the body. The name ‘embryonal carcinoma’ reflects the appearance of the tumour …
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High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is a precancerous condition caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). It involves abnormal changes in squamous cells, which are flat cells found on the surface of tissues such as the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, and anal canal. HSIL is primarily caused by high-risk HPV types, especially types 16 …
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