A trichilemmal cyst, also called a pilar cyst, is a non-cancerous growth that develops from a hair follicle in the skin. These cysts are very common and most often appear on the scalp, where they look like smooth, round bumps under the skin. Trichilemmal cysts can range in size from a few millimeters to several …
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What is sebaceous carcinoma? Sebaceous carcinoma is a type of skin cancer. Sebaceous carcinoma develops from specialized cells called sebocytes in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the skin. The cancer cells produce a fatty substance called sebum which often makes the tumour look yellow. Where in the body is sebaceous carcinoma found? One of …
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What is primary sclerosing cholangitis? Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an autoimmune disease that damages the bile ducts inside and outside the liver. The damage is caused by immune cells that attack the bile duct cells and prevent them from working normally. PSC is frequently associated with a condition called inflammatory bowel disease (particularly ulcerative …
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Proliferative endometrium is a term pathologists use to describe the changes seen in the endometrium during the first half of the menstrual cycle. It is a normal finding in women of reproductive age. Does proliferative endometrium mean cancer? No. Proliferation is a noncancerous change in the endometrium. It is a normal change seen in women …
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What is a pilar cyst? A pilar cyst is a non-cancerous growth that starts from a hair follicle in the skin. They are very common and most start on the scalp where they look like a smooth, round bump on the skin. Pilar cysts range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Another …
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What is primary biliary cholangitis? Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease that damages the bile ducts inside and outside of the liver. The damage is caused by immune cells that attack the bile duct cells and prevent them from working normally. PBC occurs most commonly in middle-aged to elderly women, with over 90% …
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Papillary lesion of the breast is a term pathologists use to describe a group of breast tumours that look similar when examined under the microscope. This group includes both non-cancerous tumours and cancers. Papillary lesion is a preliminary diagnosis. Typically, the entire tumour needs to be removed and examined before a final diagnosis can be …
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A radial scar, also known as a complex sclerosing lesion, is a non-cancerous growth in the breast characterized by an increased number of glands and ducts around a central scar. Although non-cancerous, this condition is associated with a small increased risk of developing breast cancer when compared to women without radial scars. What are the …
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Oligodendroglioma is a type of brain tumour that starts in glial cells, the supporting cells of the brain. It is considered a diffuse glioma, meaning the tumour tends to spread into the surrounding brain tissue. Two specific genetic features define this type of tumour: A mutation in the IDH1 or IDH2 gene. Loss (codeletion) of …
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Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a type of salivary gland cancer. The salivary glands are small saliva-producing organs located in the head and neck. Although less common, this type of cancer can also be found in the nasal cavity and lungs. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma comprises three types of cells: mucus-producing cells, epidermoid (squamous-like) cells, and intermediate cells that …
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