Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common type of breast cancer after invasive ductal carcinoma. It starts in the lobules — the small glands in the breast that produce milk — and grows into the surrounding breast tissue. The term “invasive” means the cancer cells have spread beyond the lobules into nearby tissue. …
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Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive type of breast cancer that starts in the lining of the breast ducts — the tiny tubes that carry milk from the glands to the nipple. Noninvasive means that all the abnormal cells are confined inside the ducts and have not broken through the duct wall into …
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Prostatic adenocarcinoma is the most common type of prostate cancer. It is sometimes called acinar adenocarcinoma because the cancer cells form small clusters that resemble glands called acini. The cancer develops from epithelial cells that normally line the inside of the prostate gland. Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, …
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Mantle cell lymphoma is a type of blood cancer that starts in B cells — the white blood cells that help the body fight infections by producing antibodies. It takes its name from the mantle zone, a ring of B cells that normally surrounds the germinal center within a lymph node, and it is from …
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A plasma cell neoplasm is a group of related diseases that begin when plasma cells, a type of immune cell found in the bone marrow, start growing abnormally. Normal plasma cells make immunoglobulins (antibodies) that help the body fight infections. In a plasma cell neoplasm, one group of plasma cells grows more than it should …
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Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma in adults. It is an aggressive cancer that starts in B cells — the white blood cells that normally help the body fight infections. The word “diffuse” refers to how the cancer cells grow in flat, sheet-like areas that spread through the …
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Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that starts in the immune system, most often in the lymph nodes — the small, bean-shaped glands distributed throughout the body that filter lymph fluid and house immune cells. It is defined by the presence of specific abnormal cells called Reed-Sternberg cells, which can be identified under the …
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Burkitt lymphoma is a rapidly growing blood cancer that starts in B cells — the white blood cells that help the body fight infections. It is classified as a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is defined by a specific genetic change in the MYC gene. This change causes the cancer cells to divide at an …
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Follicular lymphoma is a group of closely related blood cancers that start in B cells — specialized white blood cells that normally help the body fight infection. These cancers are called “follicular” because the abnormal cells grow in round clusters called follicles, resembling the normal structures found inside healthy lymph nodes. Follicular lymphoma is the …
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Background: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare and aggressive cancer that arises from connective tissues, including muscles, tendons, fat, and fibrous tissues. The term “undifferentiated” indicates that the tumour cells do not resemble normal cells in the body and lack specific differentiation toward a particular tissue type. “Pleomorphic” refers to the varied shapes and …
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