Psoriasiform dermatitis is a term for a reactive pattern of skin changes that can result from several different underlying conditions. It is called psoriasiform because the changes resemble those seen in psoriasis. What are the symptoms of psoriasiform dermatitis? People with psoriasiform dermatitis often notice red patches of skin with a dry or flaky surface …
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Hydrosalpinx is a condition in which one or both fallopian tubes, which connect the ovaries to the uterus, become blocked and fill with a watery fluid. The term “hydro” means water, and “salpinx” refers to the fallopian tube. This fluid buildup can cause the fallopian tube to swell and sometimes interfere with fertility. What are …
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Poorly differentiated carcinoma is a type of cancer made up of cells that line the surfaces of organs. Differentiation refers to the degree to which cancer cells resemble normal cells from the tissue in which they originated. When cancer is poorly differentiated, the tumour cells have lost many of the normal structures and features, making …
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Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in glandular cells (cells that produce mucus or other fluids), which are found in many organs, including the stomach, intestines, lungs, and pancreas. In this type of cancer, the cancer cells have lost many of their normal structures, making them look very different from the …
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Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of cancer that starts in the small intestine, the long, narrow part of the digestive system that absorbs nutrients from food. This type of cancer begins in the gland-forming cells that line the inside surface of the intestine. These cells normally help with digestion and nutrient absorption, but in …
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Encapsulated papillary carcinoma is a rare and distinct type of breast cancer that is usually non-invasive. Non-invasive means the cancer cells have not spread beyond their original location into the surrounding breast tissue. The tumor grows inside a small, cyst-like space and is surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule — a layer of connective tissue …
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PMS2 is a gene that produces a protein involved in repairing mistakes in a cell’s DNA. It is one of four key mismatch repair (MMR) proteins — along with MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 — that work together to find and fix small errors that occur when DNA is copied during cell division. PMS2 and MLH1 …
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Oncocytic adrenal cortical carcinoma is a rare cancer that starts in the adrenal cortex, the outer part of the adrenal gland. There are two adrenal glands in the body, one on top of each kidney. The adrenal cortex normally produces hormones that help control blood pressure, salt and water balance, metabolism, sexual development, and the …
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MLH1 is a gene that produces a protein involved in repairing mistakes in a cell’s DNA. It is one of four key mismatch repair (MMR) proteins — along with PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 — that work together to find and fix small errors that occur when DNA is copied during cell division. MLH1 and PMS2 …
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MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) is a protein that helps regulate the development, function, and survival of certain types of cells, particularly melanocytes. Melanocytes are specialized cells found in the skin and other tissues where they produce a pigment called melanin. This pigment gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. MITF plays a crucial role …
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