Fibrovascular core

A fibrovascular core is a small microscopic structure made up of fibrous tissue (connective tissue) and blood vessels. These cores are found inside finger-like projections called papillae. Papillae are common features in many types of growths, including both benign (noncancerous) and malignant (cancerous) ones. For example, fibrovascular cores can be seen in benign papillomas, as well as in cancers such as papillary thyroid carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma of the lung.

The fibrovascular core provides both support and nutrition to the cells that grow along the outside surface of the papilla.

Where are fibrovascular cores found?

Fibrovascular cores are most commonly described in:

• Papillomas, which are noncancerous finger-like growths of tissue.

• Papillary carcinomas, such as those in the thyroid, lung, ovary, or kidney.

In these growths, the papillae consist of an outer layer of epithelial cells (cells that line surfaces) that wrap around a fibrovascular core in the center.

What does a fibrovascular core look like under the microscope?

When examined under the microscope, a fibrovascular core looks like a central stalk or supporting structure inside a papilla. It has two main parts:

• The fibrous component, made up of connective tissue (collagen) produced by cells called fibroblasts. On standard stains such as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), this appears pink.

• The vascular component, which consists of small blood vessels lined by endothelial cells. These appear as clear spaces or thin channels within the fibrous tissue.

Together, these parts act as a scaffold that supports the papilla and supplies blood to the surrounding cells.

Why are fibrovascular cores important in pathology?

Fibrovascular cores are important because their presence can help pathologists identify a growth as papillary. This can be a useful clue when making a diagnosis. For example, in the thyroid, finding papillae with fibrovascular cores covered by abnormal cells supports a diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. In other organs, such as the lung or ovary, the presence of papillae with fibrovascular cores can help distinguish between different tumour types.

Questions to ask your doctor

• Why did my pathology report mention fibrovascular cores?

• Were the fibrovascular cores seen in a benign growth (such as a papilloma) or in a cancer?

• How does this feature help confirm my diagnosis?

• Does the presence of fibrovascular cores affect my treatment or follow-up plan?