meaning

Low grade

What does low grade mean? In pathology, low grade is used to describe cells that look abnormal when examined under the microscope but still share some features with normal, healthy cells. In order to determine if cells are low grade, pathologists often compare the abnormal-looking cells to the cells normally found in that part of …
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High grade

What does high grade mean? In pathology, high grade is used to describe cells that look very abnormal when examined under the microscope. In order to determine if a group of cells are high grade, pathologists typically compare the abnormal-looking cells to the cells normally found in that part of the body. The term high …
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Cytologic atypia

What does cytologic atypia mean? Pathologists use the term cytologic atypia to describe cells that look abnormal when examined under a microscope. Cells may be described as showing cytologic atypia because of their shape, size, or colour. These changes can affect the cytoplasm (body) of the cell or the nucleus (the part of the cell …
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Interstitial cells of Cajal

What are the interstitial cells of Cajal? Interstitial cells of Cajal are specialized cells that are normally found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, from the esophagus to the rectum. These cells receive signals from the nervous system and in turn, cause alternating contraction and relaxation of the muscular wall helping to move food through the gastrointestinal …
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Carcinoma

What does carcinoma mean? Carcinoma is a type of cancer that starts from specialized epithelial cells that cover the outside or inside surfaces of an organ. Carcinoma can start anywhere in the body where epithelial cells are normally found including the skin, breast, lungs, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, colon, prostate, bladder, ovary, uterus, and cervix. …
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