The Gleason grade is a system pathologists use to describe how prostate cancer cells look under a microscope. It helps doctors understand how aggressive a type of prostate cancer called adenocarcinoma might be. The Gleason grade can only be determined after examining a sample of the tumor. How do pathologists determine the Gleason grade? To …
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What is a leiomyoma of the uterus? A leiomyoma is a non-cancerous tumour that starts in the wall of the uterus. The tumour is made up of specialized smooth muscle cells that are normally found in a part of the uterus called the myometrium. Leiomyomas are very common tumours and they usually occur in women …
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Background: Deep fibromatosis or desmoid tumour is a benign (non-cancerous) type of tumour that starts in connective tissue. It is considered locally aggressive because it can grow into surrounding tissues and organs. The tumour can also grow back if not completely removed. However, it will not metastasize (spread) to other body parts. Other names for …
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a type of cancer that starts from an area at the back of the nose and throat called the nasopharynx. Subtypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include non-keratinizing, keratinizing, and basaloid. Most cases of non-keratinizing type and basaloid type nasopharyngeal carcinoma are caused by a virus known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) which infects the cells …
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Chronic active colitis is a condition where immune cells attack and damage cells on the inside of the colon. It is a pattern of injury that can be seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. What are the symptoms of chronic active colitis? Inflammation in the colon damages the cells …
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What is squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity? Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of cancer in the oral cavity. The oral cavity includes the lips, tongue, floor of the mouth, gingiva (gums), buccal mucosa (inner cheeks), and palate (roof of the mouth). Squamous cell carcinoma often develops from a pre-cancerous …
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Barrett’s esophagus is a condition where the lining of your esophagus – the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach – changes over time. Normally, the esophagus is lined by flat cells called squamous cells, which are strong and designed to handle the friction caused by swallowing food. In Barrett’s esophagus, these …
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Atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) is a precancerous condition associated with an abnormally thick endometrium. It is considered a precancerous condition because over time it can turn into a type of endometrial cancer called endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Another name for this condition is endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia. Does atypical endometrial hyperplasia mean cancer? No. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia is …
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What is endometrial hyperplasia without atypia? Endometrial hyperplasia without atypia is a non-cancerous condition associated with an abnormally thick endometrium. Another name for endometrial hyperplasia without atypia is benign endometrial hyperplasia. Can endometrial hyperplasia without atypia turn into cancer? Endometrial hyperplasia without atypia is associated with a very small risk of developing a type of endometrial …
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A hyperplastic polyp is a non-cancerous growth typically found in the descending (left) colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. It is a very common type of colorectal polyp. The polyp is made up of glandular cells normally found on the inside surface of the colon and rectum. Can a hyperplastic polyp turn into cancer? No. Hyperplastic …
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