Mucinous adenocarcinoma is a type of colon cancer. It is called “mucinous” because at least 50% of the tumour is made up of extracellular mucin. Mucin is a gel-like substance that is normally produced by the cells that line the inside of the colon. When produced in large amounts by cancer cells, mucin can form …
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Collagenous colitis is a non-cancerous condition that causes inflammation and damage to the lining of the colon. It belongs to a group of conditions called microscopic colitis, named because the changes can only be seen when the tissue is examined under a microscope. The other main type of microscopic colitis is lymphocytic colitis, which shares …
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Lymphocytic colitis is a pattern of injury caused by an increased number of immune cells within the mucosa that covers the inside surface of the colon. This leads to inflammation and damage which prevents the colon from functioning normally. What are the symptoms of lymphocytic colitis? People with lymphocytic colitis can develop watery diarrhea that …
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Microscopic colitis is a non-cancerous condition that affects the colon, a part of the large intestine. It occurs when certain immune cells accumulate in the inner lining of the colon, resulting in inflammation and tissue damage. This inflammation interferes with the colon’s ability to absorb water, which can result in persistent watery diarrhea. The condition …
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What is an enlarged and hypercellular parathyroid gland? The term enlarged and hypercellular parathyroid gland describes a non-cancerous growth in one or more of the parathyroid glands. Unlike the normal parathyroid glands, an enlarged and hypercellular parathyroid gland may be large enough to be felt or seen in the front of the neck. What are …
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A parathyroid adenoma is a benign (non-cancerous) tumour of the parathyroid gland. It is made up of cells typically found in the parathyroid gland. In contrast to normal parathyroid glands, an adenoma can grow large enough to become noticeable or palpable at the front of the neck. This type of growth is more common in …
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An addendum is an additional note or update that is added to a pathology report after the original report has been issued. It allows the pathologist to provide new information or to clarify the findings already described. The addendum becomes a permanent part of your pathology report and should always be read together with the …
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What is Kaposi sarcoma? Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a type of cancer made up of abnormal blood vessels. It is part of a group of cancers called sarcomas. Most of these tumours start in the skin and it is not uncommon for a person to have more than one tumour. Kaposi sarcoma can also develop inside …
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A mitotic figure is a cell that is actively dividing to create two new cells. Cells divide through a process called mitosis, creating two new cells from one original cell. Before dividing, a cell copies its genetic material (DNA), ensuring that each new cell receives identical instructions. Pathologists recognize mitotic figures by their unique appearance, …
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What is a pyogenic granuloma? A pyogenic granuloma is a common non-cancerous type of tumour made up of blood vessels and inflammatory cells. The tumour is usually round, and the surface may appear bright red. Pyogenic granuloma often appear suddenly and the tumour may grow very quickly at first only to decrease in size gradually …
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