An osteoid osteoma is a common type of non-cancerous bone tumour. These tumours are usually small (less than 2 cm) and are most frequently found in the bones of the legs, arms, spine, hands, and feet. They generally occur in children and young adults but can occasionally be found in older adults. The most common …
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A pheochromocytoma is a type of neuroendocrine tumour that originates from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland, which is located on top of the kidneys. These cells are responsible for producing and releasing hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are crucial for your body’s stress response. Most (about 75-90%) of pheochromocytomas are non-cancerous tumours. …
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What is a paraganglioma? A paraganglioma is a type of neuroendocrine tumour. It starts from the specialized neuroendocrine cells that are part of the autonomic nervous system. What are the symptoms of a paraganglioma? The symptoms of a paraganglioma depend on the location of the tumour and the type of cells found in the tumour. …
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In pathology, “flow” often refers to flow cytometry, a laboratory test used for analyzing the physical and chemical characteristics of bodily fluids and tissues such as blood and bone marrow. This test allows for the simultaneous analysis of multiple physical and/or chemical characteristics of single cells flowing through an optical and/or electronic detection apparatus. This …
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In a pathology report, the term non-reactive is used to describe the result of a laboratory test called immunohistochemistry. This test helps pathologists identify specific proteins or other substances made by cells in a tissue sample. When a group of cells is described as non-reactive, it means the cells did not produce the protein or …
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What is a giant cell tumour of tendon sheath? Giant cell tumour of tendon sheath is a non-cancerous tumour that commonly occurs in the fingers of the hand. It can also involve the large joints of the body such as the knee and elbow. Joints connect two bones together and are important for movement. Although …
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Follicular thyroid carcinoma is a type of thyroid cancer that starts from follicular cells, the cells in the thyroid gland responsible for making thyroid hormones. It is considered a well-differentiated carcinoma, meaning the tumour cells still resemble normal thyroid cells under the microscope, but unlike benign thyroid tumours, these cancer cells show invasion into nearby …
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What does ASC-H mean? ASC-H stands for atypical squamous cells, cannot rule out HSIL. It means that abnormal squamous cells were seen in your Pap smear. These abnormal cells raise the possibility that a more serious pre-cancerous disease called high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) may be present in your cervix. What causes ASC-H? Causes of …
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Acute lung injury is a serious medical condition that involves inflammation and damage to the lungs. It makes it difficult for the lungs to function properly and can affect how well your body receives oxygen. Pathologists identify two different patterns of acute lung injury: organizing pneumonia and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). These two patterns differ …
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Follicular nodular disease is a non-cancerous condition in which the thyroid gland develops one or more nodules. Nodules are small, rounded areas of abnormal tissue growth that form within the thyroid, a butterfly-shaped gland located in the lower front of the neck. The thyroid plays an important role in regulating metabolism through the production of …
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