In pathology, extraparenchymal extension (EPE) refers to the invasion (spread) of a tumor beyond the main tissue mass (the parenchyma) of an organ into surrounding tissues. This term is often used in the context of malignant (cancerous) tumours to describe tumor growth extending beyond the organ’s boundary and into adjacent structures or tissues. Why is …
Read More »
What does parenchyma mean? In pathology, the term parenchyma refers to the tissue normally found within an organ. Specifically, it is made up of cells that carry out the specific function of the organ. As a result, the types of cells found in the parenchyma will depend on the organ being examined. For example, the …
Read More »
What is a mitotically active leiomyoma of the uterus? A mitotically active leiomyoma is a non-cancerous tumour that starts in the wall of the uterus. The tumour is made up of specialized smooth muscle cells that are normally found in a part of the uterus called the myometrium. What does “mitotically active” mean? Mitotically active …
Read More »
Fat necrosis is a condition that occurs when fatty tissue is damaged, leading to the death of fat cells (also known as adipose cells). This process results in the formation of firm, round lumps within the fat tissue and can sometimes cause pain and tenderness in the affected area. The necrotic (dead) fat cells are …
Read More »
Fibrinoid necrosis is a specific type of tissue damage characterized by the buildup of fibrin-like material in tissues, especially within blood vessel walls. It usually occurs when blood vessels become severely injured due to immune reactions or high blood pressure. The name “fibrinoid” comes from its similarity to fibrin, a protein normally involved in blood …
Read More »
What is MDM2? MDM2 is a gene that promotes cell division (the creation of new cells). Normal cells and those in non-cancerous tumours have two copies of the MDM2 gene. In contrast, cancerous tumours such as atypical lipomatous tumour/well differentiated liposarcoma have more than two copies of the MDM2 gene. How do pathologists test for …
Read More »
Welcome to MyPathologyReport.ca, a trusted resource designed to help patients read and understand their pathology reports. We believe that every patient deserves clear and accessible information about their health. Our articles are written by pathologists – doctors who specialize in diagnosing diseases by examining tissues under a microscope. Each article is reviewed to ensure it is accurate, …
Read More »
The diagnosis library is a collection of patient-friendly articles from pathologists to help you understand your diagnosis and pathology report. Contact us if you need help finding an article. Blood and bone marrow Breast Brain and spinal cord Digestive system: Esophagus Stomach Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) Large intestine (colon and rectum) Appendix Anus and …
Read More »
Encapsulated angioinvasive follicular thyroid carcinoma is a type of thyroid cancer that starts from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. These are the same cells that produce thyroid hormones. This tumour is considered a well-differentiated carcinoma, meaning the cancer cells still look similar to normal thyroid cells under the microscope. The word encapsulated means …
Read More »
Tumour necrosis is a term pathologists use to describe areas of dead cells within a tumour. Necrosis happens when tumour cells die and become non-functional. These areas of dead cells can occur in any cancer and are often easy to see under a microscope when examining tumour samples. What causes tumour necrosis? Several factors can …
Read More »
