What is a mucinous borderline tumour? A mucinous borderline tumour is a non-cancerous type of ovarian tumour. While the tumour is considered non-cancerous, it is associated with a small risk of turning into cancer over time. The behaviour of this tumour is thought to fall somewhere in between a mucinous cystadenoma which is a non-cancerous …
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What is endometriosis? Endometriosis is a non-cancerous condition that occurs when tissue that is normally found in a part of the body called the endometrium starts growing outside the endometrium. What parts of the body are commonly affected by endometriosis? Endometriosis commonly involves the ovaries, fallopian tubes, outside surface of the uterus, posterior cul-de-sac (space …
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Actinic keratosis (AK) is a pre-cancerous skin disease. It is considered a pre-cancerous disease because, for some patients, the disease will change over time into a type of skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma. It is made up of abnormal keratinocytes in a layer of the skin called the epidermis. What causes actinic keratosis? Actinic …
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What does disordered proliferative endometrium mean? Disordered proliferative endometrium is a non-cancerous change that develops in the endometrium, a thin layer of tissue that lines the inside of the uterus. If left untreated, disordered proliferative endometrium can change into another non-cancerous condition called endometrial hyperplasia. What causes disordered proliferative endometrium? The changes seen in disordered …
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What is cirrhosis? Cirrhosis is a type of medical liver disease caused by scar formation in the liver. This type of scar tissue that develops in the liver is called fibrosis. Fibrosis is caused by damage that occurs in the liver over a long period of time. What are the symptoms of cirrhosis? People with cirrhosis …
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Rhabdomyosarcoma is a type of cancer that develops from skeletal muscle tissue, the muscle responsible for voluntary movements like walking or lifting objects. This cancer most commonly affects children, but it can also be found in adults. Rhabdomyosarcoma can occur almost anywhere in the body, but it most frequently arises in areas such as the …
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A frozen section is a test used in pathology to provide a quick diagnosis of a tissue sample during surgery. It is called a “frozen section” because the tissue is rapidly frozen soon after it is removed from the body. This technique allows pathologists to examine the tissue under a microscope to identify disease, often …
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Signet ring cells are abnormal cells seen in certain types of cancer. They get their name from their shape: each cell is filled with a substance called mucin, which pushes the cell’s nucleus (the part that holds genetic material) to the side, creating an appearance similar to a ring with a gemstone. Unlike most other types …
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Squamous cells are flat, thin cells that form the outermost layer of your skin and line the surfaces of various organs inside your body. Their flattened, scale-like shape provides an effective protective barrier for the tissues underneath. Where are squamous cells normally found? Squamous cells cover many body surfaces, both externally and internally. They make …
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A sarcoma is a type of cancer that starts in connective tissues, which are the structures in the body that support, protect, and hold other tissues together. Connective tissues include bones, muscles, fat, blood vessels, and nerves. Sarcomas can develop almost anywhere, but they most commonly occur in the arms, legs, and abdomen. Sarcomas are …
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