What is focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver? Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a noncancerous type of growth in the liver. It is much more common in young women and it rarely occurs in men or children. What causes focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver? At the present time, we do not completely understand what …
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What is next-generation sequencing? Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a way of finding out the order of the letters in DNA or RNA, the genetic material inside our cells. DNA and RNA are made of four different letters: A, C, G, and T for DNA, and A, C, G, and U for RNA. The order of …
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A hepatocyte is a type of cell found in the liver. They are very active and versatile cells that help to keep the body healthy and balanced. Hepatocytes can also regenerate when they are damaged or lost. The functions of a hepatocyte include: Making proteins needed for blood clotting, transporting substances, and fighting infections. Storing carbohydrates …
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What is a paratubal cyst? A paratubal cyst is a noncancerous fluid-filled space that develops between the ovary and the fallopian tube. It is a common condition that more often affects children and young women. What are the symptoms of a paratubal cyst? Most paratubal cysts do not cause any symptoms and the cyst is …
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Cyclin D1 is part of a family of proteins called cyclins. All cyclins are cell cycle regulators, meaning they help determine when a cell can divide (to create two new cells). Cyclins can be further broken down into multiple families and subtypes. These all work in slightly different ways, but they all push cells to …
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SMA stands for smooth muscle actin, a type of protein found inside certain cells in the body. It plays an important role in helping cells move and maintain their shape. There are different types of actin proteins, but alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is the type most commonly used in pathology testing. Pathologists use SMA …
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Background: Angioleiomyoma is a noncancerous tumour made up of abnormal blood vessels. While it can be found anywhere in the body, it most commonly involves the skin or the deep soft tissue below it. Another name for this tumour is vascular leiomyoma. What are the symptoms of angioleiomyoma? The most common symptom of an angioleiomyoma …
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What is classic follicular lymphoma? Classic follicular lymphoma (cFL) is a type of immune system cancer that starts from specialized B cells. It is the second most common type of lymphoma to affect adults. cFL is a recent term that encompasses FLs previously classified as grade 1, grade 2, or grade 3A. What are the …
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What is plasmablastic lymphoma? Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive type of immune system cancer and a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The tumour is made up of plasma cells that arose from B cells. What are the symptoms of plasmablastic lymphoma? The symptoms of PBL depend on where in the body the …
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Aggressive B cell lymphoma is a term used to describe a group of immune system cancers made up of cells called B cells. Although this is considered enough to establish a formal diagnosis, additional tests might be needed to refine how best to group or subclassify the disease. What types of B cell lymphoma are …
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