A tubulovillous adenoma is a type of precancerous polyp that develops on the inner lining of the large intestine, which includes the colon and the rectum. It is made up of abnormal glandular cells that grow in two different shapes: tube-shaped glands, described as tubular, and long finger-shaped projections, described as villous. Tubulovillous adenomas are …
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What is squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina? Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of cancer in the vagina. The tumour starts from specialized squamous cells that cover the inside surface of the vagina. What causes squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina? The most common cause of squamous cell carcinoma in the vagina …
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HPV-independent squamous cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops in the oropharynx, the part of the throat behind the mouth, and that is not caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). The oropharynx includes the tonsils, the base of the tongue (the back third of the tongue), the soft palate, and the back wall of …
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Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer and the most common type of sarcoma to start in bone. It usually affects teenagers and young adults, although it can also occur in older adults. The most common location for osteosarcoma is the long bone of the thigh, called the femur, but it can develop in any …
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A well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (NET) is a type of tumour that starts from specialized neuroendocrine cells in the lining of the colon or rectum. Neuroendocrine cells are found throughout the digestive tract and help regulate functions such as digestion by releasing hormones in response to nervous system signals. When these cells grow abnormally, they form …
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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of lung cancer after adenocarcinoma and belongs to the group of cancers known as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It develops from squamous cells — flat, scale-like cells that normally line the inner walls of the larger airways in the lungs. Unlike adenocarcinoma, which usually …
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Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for about 40% of all lung cancer cases in North America. It belongs to the group of cancers known as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Adenocarcinoma begins in pneumocytes — the specialized cells that line the tiny air sacs of the lungs called alveoli. Alveoli …
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Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland and one of the most common conditions that affect men as they get older. What are the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia? The symptoms of BPH develop because the prostate increases in size, and this growth compresses the urethra. This compression makes …
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A result of atypical glandular cells (AGC) on a Pap test (also called a Pap smear) means that some of the glandular cells collected from your cervix or uterus look abnormal when examined under the microscope. Glandular cells normally line the inner canal of the cervix (the endocervix) and the inside of the uterus (the …
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A frozen section is a test used in pathology to provide a quick diagnosis of a tissue sample during surgery. It is called a “frozen section” because the tissue is rapidly frozen soon after it is removed from the body. This technique allows pathologists to examine the tissue under a microscope to identify disease, often …
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