CD3 is a protein that is normally made by two types of specialized immune cells, T cells and NK cells. Most lymphomas that start from T and NK cells, including peripheral T cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, also make CD3. Two common tests used to look for CD3 in …
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Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive type of cancer that develops from immature skeletal muscle cells. It is classified as a sarcoma — a cancer arising from the body’s connective tissues. Although skeletal muscle is found throughout the body, this tumor can arise in locations with little or no actual muscle tissue. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is most …
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Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant (cancerous) tumor that arises from immature skeletal muscle cells. It is classified as a sarcoma and is the most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma, accounting for about 60–70% of all cases. This cancer predominantly affects children, typically those under the age of 10, and most commonly arises in the head and …
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Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (NET) of the stomach is a rare type of cancer that starts from neuroendocrine cells in the lining of the stomach. Neuroendocrine cells are specialized cells that receive signals from the nervous system and release hormones into the bloodstream. NETs grow more slowly than other types of stomach cancer and often …
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A fibroma of the oral cavity is a common benign (non-cancerous) growth that forms inside the mouth. It is made up of fibrous connective tissue — the same type of dense, supportive tissue found throughout the body — and is not a tumour in the usual sense. A fibroma is the mouth’s response to repeated …
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Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive type of thyroid cancer. It starts from follicular cells, the cells that normally make thyroid hormone, but over time, these cells change so much that they no longer look or behave like thyroid cells. For this reason, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is sometimes called undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. …
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Apocrine cells are a type of glandular cell found in specific areas of the body, particularly in the skin. Under the microscope, apocrine cells are large and round with a visible central nucleolus (a small structure inside the nucleus). Their cytoplasm, the material surrounding the nucleus, often looks bright pink on a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) …
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The term oncocytic is used by pathologists to describe cells that appear bright pink under the microscope when stained with a routine stain called hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). These cells look pink because their cytoplasm (the body of the cell) is packed with mitochondria, which are small structures that produce energy for the cell. The …
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A vocal cord nodule (also known as a vocal cord polyp) is a non-cancerous growth that develops in a part of the larynx called the vocal cords. Most nodules are caused by an injury that damages the vocal cords. Excessive shouting, recent surgery, and prior infection of the larynx are common causes. What are the …
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A vocal cord polyp (also known as a vocal cord nodule) is a non-cancerous growth that develops in a part of the larynx called the vocal cords. Most polyps are caused by an injury that damages the vocal cords. Excessive shouting, recent surgery, and prior infection of the larynx are common causes. What are the …
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