Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant (cancerous) tumor that arises from immature skeletal muscle cells. It is classified as a sarcoma and is the most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma, accounting for about 60–70% of all cases. This cancer predominantly affects children, typically those under the age of 10, and most commonly arises in the head and …
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Well differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (NET) of the stomach is a rare type of cancer that starts from neuroendocrine cells in the lining of the stomach. Neuroendocrine cells are specialized cells that receive signals from the nervous system and release hormones into the bloodstream. NETs grow more slowly than other types of stomach cancer and often …
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A fibroma of the oral cavity is a common benign (non-cancerous) growth in the lining of the mouth. It is made of fibrous connective tissue, the same firm, supportive tissue found throughout the body. Rather than a true tumor, a fibroma is the mouth’s response to repeated irritation or injury: when the lining is injured …
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Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive type of thyroid cancer. It starts from follicular cells, the cells that normally make thyroid hormone, but over time, these cells change so much that they no longer look or behave like thyroid cells. For this reason, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is sometimes called undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. …
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Apocrine cells are a type of glandular cell found in specific areas of the body, particularly in the skin. Under the microscope, apocrine cells are large and round with a visible central nucleolus (a small structure inside the nucleus). Their cytoplasm, the material surrounding the nucleus, often looks bright pink on a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) …
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The term oncocytic is used by pathologists to describe cells that appear bright pink under the microscope when stained with a routine stain called hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). These cells look pink because their cytoplasm (the body of the cell) is packed with mitochondria, which are small structures that produce energy for the cell. The …
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A vocal cord nodule (also known as a vocal cord polyp) is a non-cancerous growth that develops in a part of the larynx called the vocal cords. Most nodules are caused by an injury that damages the vocal cords. Excessive shouting, recent surgery, and prior infection of the larynx are common causes. What are the …
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A vocal cord polyp (also known as a vocal cord nodule) is a non-cancerous growth that develops in a part of the larynx called the vocal cords. Most polyps are caused by an injury that damages the vocal cords. Excessive shouting, recent surgery, and prior infection of the larynx are common causes. What are the …
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Cylindroma is a non-cancerous type of skin tumour that develops from sweat glands normally found in the skin. People with Brooke–Spiegler syndrome (BSS) commonly develop multiple cylindromas. This syndrome is associated with an alteration in the gene CLYD. Where are cylindromas found? Cylindromas are typically found on the head and neck, but the upper chest …
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What is a spiradenoma? Spiradenoma is a non-cancerous type of skin tumour. The tumour develops from sweat glands normally found in the skin. People with Brooke–Spiegler syndrome commonly develop multiple spiradenomas. This syndrome is associated with an alteration in the gene CLYD. Where are spiradenomas found? Spiradenomas are typically found on the face, upper chest, …
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