Actinic cheilitis is a precancerous condition that affects the lips, most commonly the lower lip. It develops after many years of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, usually from sunlight. The lips are covered by a thin layer of skin and mucosa that is more sensitive to sun damage than other areas of the body. Over …
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Pathologists use the term atypical melanocytic proliferation to describe a skin growth composed of melanocytes (the cells that produce pigment) that does not appear completely normal under the microscope. The growth shows some unusual or atypical features, but not all of the features needed to confidently call it benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). It is best thought of …
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A nevus (plural: nevi) is the medical term for a growth or spot on the skin that develops from melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin and hair their color. Most nevi are harmless and are commonly called moles, although the term nevus covers a wide range of pigmented and non-pigmented …
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Psoriasiform dermatitis is a term for a reactive pattern of skin changes that can result from several different underlying conditions. It is called psoriasiform because the changes resemble those seen in psoriasis. What are the symptoms of psoriasiform dermatitis? People with psoriasiform dermatitis often notice red patches of skin with a dry or flaky surface …
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Hydrosalpinx is a noncancerous (benign) condition in which a fallopian tube becomes blocked at its outer end and fills with watery fluid. The fallopian tubes carry an egg from the ovary to the uterus. The name comes from two Greek words: “hydro” for water and “salpinx” for tube. The blockage is almost always at the …
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Squamous intraepithelial lesion is an abnormal growth caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). This condition affects the squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells that line certain areas of the body, including the cervix, vagina, vulva, and anus. Squamous intraepithelial lesion is considered a precancerous disease, meaning it has the potential to develop into …
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Poorly differentiated carcinoma is a carcinoma (a cancer that starts in the epithelial cells lining the surfaces of organs) whose cells look very abnormal and no longer resemble the healthy tissue they came from. The word differentiated describes how closely cancer cells still look like normal cells. When a carcinoma is poorly differentiated, the cells …
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Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in glandular cells (cells that produce mucus or other fluids), which are found in many organs, including the stomach, intestines, lungs, and pancreas. In this type of cancer, the cancer cells have lost many of their normal structures, making them look very different from the …
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Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of cancer that starts in the small intestine, the long, narrow part of the digestive system that absorbs nutrients from food. This type of cancer begins in the gland-forming cells that line the inside surface of the intestine. These cells normally help with digestion and nutrient absorption, but in …
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Encapsulated papillary carcinoma is a rare and distinct type of breast cancer that is usually non-invasive. Non-invasive means the cancer cells have not spread beyond their original location into the surrounding breast tissue. The tumor grows inside a small, cyst-like space and is surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule — a layer of connective tissue …
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