Thymic carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest that produces T cells and plays a role in the immune system. Unlike thymomas, thymic carcinomas are more aggressive and have a higher tendency to spread to other parts of the body. What is the …
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Type B3 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus is part of the immune system and helps produce T cells. This type of thymoma predominantly comprises epithelial cells, which look more abnormal than those in type B1 and B2 thymomas. It has fewer …
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Type B2 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus plays an important role in the immune system by producing T cells. In this type of tumour, there is a mix of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and epithelial cells, with more …
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The FNCLCC (Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer) is the most common grading system doctors use to evaluate soft tissue sarcomas, which are cancers that start in tissues like muscles, fat, or blood vessels. This grading system helps doctors assess how aggressive (fast-growing) the tumour is, guiding treatment decisions and helping predict …
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Type B1 thymoma is a rare tumour that starts in the thymus, a small organ located in the chest. The thymus plays an important role in developing the immune system, especially during childhood. Type B1 thymomas contain many lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, and the tumour cells resemble normal thymic epithelial cells. This type of thymoma …
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A type AB thymoma is a tumour that forms in the thymus, an organ in the upper chest that is part of the immune system. These tumours contain a mix of two types of cells: the spindle-shaped epithelial cells seen in type A thymomas and the lymphocytes (white blood cells) more commonly associated with Type B thymomas. This …
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SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumour of the lung is a rare and aggressive type of lung cancer. The term “undifferentiated” means that the cancer cells do not look like normal lung cells. The tumour is called “SMARCA4-deficient” because it lacks a functional SMARCA4 gene, which normally helps regulate how cells grow and develop. What are the symptoms …
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Ghost cells are a specific type of dead cell seen under the microscope in certain medical conditions. They are called “ghost” cells because they appear as pale, empty outlines of the original cell, almost as if the cell is a shadow or “ghost” of itself. These cells no longer function and have lost their internal …
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A seromucinous hamartoma is a rare, noncancerous (benign) growth found in the nasal cavity or sinuses. The term hamartoma refers to a mass composed of an abnormal mixture of cells and tissues that normally belong in the area but have grown in a disorganized manner. “Seromucinous” refers to the combination of serous (watery) and mucinous …
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The term products of conception refers to the tissues that result from a pregnancy, including the embryo or fetus, placenta, and membranes. These tissues are typically found in the uterus and support the development of the embryo or fetus during pregnancy. When does a pathologist examine products of conception? Products of conception are examined by …
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