Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary is a type of ovarian cancer that resembles endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus when examined under the microscope. It develops from epithelial cells that line the ovary. This tumour accounts for about 10% of ovarian carcinomas. Many cases are diagnosed at an early stage and are confined to the ovary …
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Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is a type of cancer that develops from gland-forming cells in an area of abnormal tissue called intestinal metaplasia. These cells are not normally found in the esophagus but can appear when the lining of the esophagus is repeatedly exposed to stomach acid. This cancer almost always starts in the lower …
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HPV-associated adenocarcinoma is a type of cervical cancer that develops from glandular cells in the cervix. Glandular cells produce mucus and line the cervical canal, which connects the uterus to the vagina. This cancer is called HPV-associated because it is caused by infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Persistent infection with these viruses …
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Adenocarcinoma of the colon is the most common type of colon cancer. It starts in the gland-forming cells that line the inner surface of the colon. These cells normally produce mucus, which helps stool move through the large intestine. When these cells become abnormal and grow uncontrolled, they form a tumour called adenocarcinoma. What causes …
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Follicular adenoma is a benign (noncancerous) tumour of the thyroid gland. It develops from follicular cells, the normal cells that produce thyroid hormone. A capsule surrounds this tumour, and the tumour does not invade nearby thyroid tissue, blood vessels, or lymphatic channels. It also lacks the nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma, an essential distinction from thyroid …
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A fibroadenoma is a benign (noncancerous) type of breast tumor. It is made of both epithelial cells (the cells that line breast ducts) and stromal cells (the connective tissue that supports the ducts). Fibroadenomas are not cancerous, and having a fibroadenoma does not increase the risk of developing breast cancer in the future. If a …
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A tubular adenoma is a type of colorectal polyp that forms on the inner lining of the large intestine, which includes the colon and rectum. It is considered a conventional adenoma, which means it develops through the most common pathway that can lead to colorectal cancer. Although tubular adenomas are benign (non-cancerous), they are classified …
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Pleomorphic adenoma is a non-cancerous tumour that most commonly arises in the salivary glands, especially the parotid gland, the largest salivary gland located near the ear and jaw. It is called “pleomorphic” because it contains a mix of different types of cells and tissue structures, including epithelial cells, myoepithelial cells, and stromal (connective tissue) elements. Pleomorphic …
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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a type of kidney cancer. It develops from tiny tubes inside the kidney called tubules. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer found in adults. Many clear cell renal cell carcinomas grow slowly and have a good outlook. However, some tumors may behave …
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Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a type of breast cancer that starts in the lobules, the small glands that produce milk. It is called invasive because the cancer cells have spread beyond the lobules into the surrounding breast tissue. Under the microscope, the tumor is made up of loosely connected (dyscohesive) cells that often grow …
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